Research on the Restoration, Conservation of Hagia Sophia based on the Assessment of its Historical Interventions

对过去对圣索菲亚教堂结构进行的修复和结构加固的有效评估，必然前提是对上部球形构件的结构行为有更深入的了解，特别是在中央穹顶下面的东西半圆顶。结构分析证明，这两个半穹顶在结构性能上是不同的：较平的西侧球体在其最上部为刚性，而下部结构在同一半穹顶的底部受到较大的向外推力。到目前为止，东半穹顶的应力分布是一致的。我们应该利用这两个半家庭的结构修复投影的本质区别。马赛克装饰圣索菲亚的画廊墙壁用触摸棒检查。对南画廊“DASIS”的调查显示，外表面背后有如此多的漏洞。这一结果需要立即采取措施，防止这件珍贵的艺术品遭到破坏。我们对金色马赛克的光谱分析表明，根据6^、10^和14^<th>的重建周期，可分为三组。6世纪的更纯净和红色，含金量更高。圣索菲亚的博物馆功能也通过对游客的采访进行了考察。游客的活动也被记录下来，分析表明，西北角拥挤的曲线灯应该以更安全的方式进行改装。一种可能的解决方案是在东北角打开通往画廊的第二条通道。应在这些分析的基础上，从博物馆学的角度制定一份全面的阿亚·索菲亚博物馆总体规划，这将是我们未来研究的目的。

The effective assessment of restorations and structural reinforcements done in the past onto the structure of Hagia Sophia necessarily presupposes the deeper understanding of the structural behavior of the upper spherical elements, especially the eastern and western half domes just underneath the central dome. The structural analyses have proven that the two semi-domes are different in structural behavior: the flatter western quarter sphere in rigid in its uppermost part, while the lower structure receives larger outward thrust at the base of the same semi-dome. The distribution of the stress in the eastern semi-dome is by far consistent. We should take this essential difference in projecting the structural restoration of these two semi-domes.Mosaics decorating gallery walls of Hagia Sophia were examined by touching rods. The survey of "Dasis" of the south gallery has shown so many lacuna behind the outer surface. The result requires immediate measures to prevent the destruction of this precious work of art. Our color spectrum analyses of golden mosaic tesserae have clarified that there are three groups according to the reconstruction periods of 6^<th>, 10^<th> and 14^<th>. The 6^<th> century tesserae being purer and reddish, with higher content of the gold.The museum function of Hagia Sophia was also examined through interview with tourists. The movement of the tourists was also recorded and the analysis has shown that the crowded zigzag lamps at the north-west corner should be modified in a safer way. One possible solution is to open the second access to the gallery at the north-eastern corner. A comprehensive master plan of Aya Sofya Museum should be drawn up on the basis of these analyses from the museological point of view, which would be the purpose of our future research.