Microbial communities: Diversity and metabolic function

DynaDeep将揭示高能海滩下海洋-陆地相互作用的功能和相关性，在那里，我们建议深层地下作为一个动态的生物反应器和独特的微生物栖息地，影响元素净通量到海洋。为实现这一目标，六个分项目将在联合实地活动、共享取样方法以及实验工作方面进行合作，并以综合方法使用数学模型。分项目P5将查明高能海滩地下微生物群落结构的变化及其对电子受体可用性和电子供体质量动态变化的代谢反应。我们假设这些动态变化的环境条件导致（i）高度适应的微生物群落，由通才组成，（ii）快速的代谢反应，反映在它们的元转录组中。在联合实地活动期间，P5将确定沉积物和相应孔隙水中16 S rRNA基因和转录物的细胞数量和群落模式。选定的沉积层将是高分辨率宏基因组和元转录组分析的目标。将在受控实验室实验中跟踪代谢对变化的环境条件的反应和由此产生的地球化学转化。P5的所有微生物学发现将与各自的地球化学参数相关，以揭示微生物转化与DOM组成的耦合（子项目P3）以及氧化还原敏感元素的转化和分馏（子项目P2和P4）。关于微生物分布模式及其代谢网络的信息将有助于校准高能海滩地下的实地规模和反应性迁移模型（分项目P1和P6）。

DynaDeep will unravel the functionality and relevance of marine-terrestrial interactions below high-energy beaches, where we propose the deep subsurface to act as a dynamic bioreactor and unique microbial habitat affecting elemental net fluxes to the sea. To reach this goal, six subprojects will cooperate in joint field campaigns, shared sampling approaches as well as experimental work and use mathematical models in an integrative approach. Subproject P5 will identify variations in microbial community structures and their metabolic response to the dynamic changes in electron acceptor availability and electron donor quality within the subsurface of high-energy beaches. We hypothesize that these dynamically changing environmental conditions lead to (i) highly adapted microbial communities, composed of generalists and (ii) to a rapid metabolic response, reflected in their metatranscriptome. During the joint field campaigns, P5 will determine cell numbers and community patterns of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts in sediments and corresponding porewaters. Selected sediment horizons will be target for high-resolution metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses. The metabolic response to changing environmental conditions and resulting biogeochemical transformations will be followed in controlled laboratory experiments. All microbiological findings of P5 will be related to the respective geochemical parameters to unravel the coupling of microbial transformations to DOM composition (subproject P3) as well as conversion and fractionation of redox-sensitive elements (subprojects P2 and P4). Information on microbial distribution patterns and their metabolic network will help to calibrate the field scale and reactive transport model for the subsurface of high-energy beaches (subprojects P1 and P6).