Study on Minimum-effective Dosage for Improvement of Intestinal Environment and Maximum Non-effective Dosage for transitory Diarrhea of Non-digestible and/or Non-absorbable Saccharide Sweeteners.

本研究的最终目的是寻找含有非可消化和/或非可吸收糖替代品的功能食品在促进健康方面的有效利用，明确改善肠道环境的最小有效剂量，对短暂性腹泻的最大无效剂量，以及分摄取、适应、糖替代品的组合等有关因素。结果表明：(1)海藻糖、乳果糖和半乳糖基蔗糖对日本小鼠短暂性腹泻的最大无效剂量为成年鼠的最大无效剂量。(2)半乳糖-蔗糖分2或3次摄入使最大无效剂量增加到2倍。(3)重复摄入含有乳糖醇的巧克力10天后，最大无效剂量增加到1.5倍。也就是说，明确了对糖替代品的适应增加了短暂性腹泻的最大无效剂量。(4)含乳糖醇的无糖巧克力和含聚葡萄糖的软饮料联合摄入引起腹泻，尽管单独摄入巧克力不会引起腹泻。(5)从使用海藻糖和乳果糖的最大无效剂量的结果来看，日本人的肠道海藻糖酶活性分为两组。(6)单糖醇组呼气氢排泄量以赤藓糖醇最少，山梨醇最多，说明两者的吸氢性是合理的。二糖醇、麦芽糖醇和乳糖醇的含量高于山梨醇。低聚糖摄入的呼气氢排出顺序为低聚异麦芽糖、半乳糖蔗糖和低聚果糖，说明低聚异麦芽糖容易被消化酶消化。

The final goal of this study is to find the effective utilization of functional foods containinz non-disestible and/or non-absorbable sugar substitutes for the health promotion, clarifying minimum-effective dosage for improvement of intestinal environment, maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea of these saccharides, and the concerning factors such as dividing ingestion, adaptation, combination of sugar substitutes etc.. The results obtained were as follows :(1) The maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea of trehalose, lactulose and galactosyl-sucrose were indicated for adult Japanese.(2) The 2 or 3 divided ingestion of galactosyl-sucrose increased the maximum non-effective dosage to 2-folds.(3) The 10-days repeated ingestion of chocolate containing lactitol increased the maximum non-effective dosage to 1.5-folds. Namely, it is clearly established that the adaptation to sugar substitute increase the maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea.(4) The combined ingestion of sugarless chocolate containing lactitol and soft drink containing polydextrose caused diarrhea, though chocolate ingestion alone was not.(5) The intestinal trehalase activity of Japanese was separated to 2 groups of lower and higher from the results of maximum non-effective dosage using trehalose and lactulose. The person with lower activity did not stimulate the secretion of insulin.(6) Breath hydrogen excretion was the least in erythritol and the most in sorbitol in a monosaccharide alcohols group and the results were reasonable for the absorbability of them. That of disaccharide alcohols, maltitol and lactitol, were more than that of sorbitol. The breath hydrogen excretion by oligosaccharide ingestion was in order isomalto-oligosaccharide, galactosyl-sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide, and it was demonstrated isomalto-oligosaccahride is readily digested by digestive enzymes.