Neuronal Substrates of Literacy : High-field Functional MRI

血氧水平依赖（BOLD）对比功能磁共振成像（MRI）已经彻底改变了人类高级脑功能的研究。然而，这种方法仍然有各种缺点。该项目旨在利用专门为fMRI实验优化的高场MRI系统阐明人类语言功能的神经元基质。语言处理的大脑策略，特别是与阅读相关的策略，被发现受到一个人最初习得的语言的显著影响。左侧颞下沟（ITS）后部两侧的皮层对于复杂的字符处理（如汉字阅读）是必需的，而语回则对教学大纲的形成具有高度特异性。左梭状回代表任何语言的“公共”区域，而右枕横回则需要进行位置处理，如音符或手语。无论其作为语言传递的有效性如何，声音感知在触发大脑组织“语言通路”中都起着重要的作用。自组织原理和“抽取”原理似乎是包括阅读在内的视觉信息加工的基本特性。

Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized the investigations of higher brain function in humans. Nevertheless, the method still has various shortcomings. The projects are designed to elucidate neuronal substrates underlying functionality of human languages utilizing high-field MRI system specifically optimized for fMRI experiments.Brain strategies for language processing, especially those related with reading is found to be significantly affected by the languages with which one's literacy is first acquired. The cortex flanking the posterior aspect of the left inferior temporal sulcus (ITS) is necessary for complex character processing such as Kanji reading, while lingual gyri are highly specific for syllabus formation. The left fusiform gyrus represents "common" area for any languages and right occipital transverse gyrus is needed for positional processing such as musical note or sign languages.Regardless of its effectiveness as language conveying property, the perception of sound play a significant role in triggering the brain to organize "language pathway." The principle of self-organization and "decimation" principle appear to be the fundamental properties of visual information processing including reading.