Characterization and control of behavior of microbial community in subsurface soil environment during the in situ bioremediation

原位生物修复技术作为一种有效的污染土壤治理技术已受到广泛关注。了解和控制微生物群落的分布、迁移和活动是原位生物修复的关键。然而，地下土壤中微生物群落的行为还没有得到很好的记录。因此，本研究的目的是1）检查地下几米深的地下土壤中的微生物群落结构，2）监测微生物群落结构的变化，在自然衰减过程中使用的现场蒸渗仪污染的石油烃，和3）检查微生物细胞通过多孔介质的传输。1）土壤表层微生物群落结构研究采用呼吸醌法对高地、河沙和滨海土壤表层微生物群落结构进行了研究。微生物生物量和 ...更多信息 多样性随深度的增加而降低。然而，在地下土壤中也有碳含量高的生物量和多样性高的点。石油烃自然衰减过程中土壤微生物群落结构的变化在非饱和条件下，利用田间蒸渗仪模拟石油烃污染，并利用呼吸醌法监测污染土壤中微生物群落结构的变化。石油烃在渗透计中随入渗水向下运移。当石油烃浓度增加到最大3000 mg/kg时，特定的醌物种增加，表明降解微生物的繁殖。3）微生物在多孔介质中的迁移以松奈溪土壤为微生物源，以玻璃珠为多孔介质，研究了微生物细胞在渗透水中的迁移。高流量入渗水导致土壤颗粒运移，与微生物细胞运移呈正相关，而低流量入渗水则不相关。高、低流量入渗水中游离和附着细菌细胞的比例存在差异。少

In situ bioremediation has attracted attention as a useful technology for clean up the contaminated soil. For in situ bioremediation, it is essential to understand and control distribution, transportation, and activities of microbial community. However, the behavior of microbial community in subsurface soil has not been well documented. Thus, this study aimed 1)to examine the microbial community structure in subsurface soil several meters below the ground surface, 2)to monitor the changes in microbial community structure during the natural attenuation using a field lysimeter contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, and 3)to examine the transport of microbial cells through porous media. This study will provide useful information to the in situ bioremediation1)Microbial community structure in subsurface soilStructures of microbial community were examined for upland yellow soil profile, river sand profile, and seashore profile using respiratory quinone profile. The microbial biomass and … More diversity decreased as the increase in depth. However, there are spots with a high biomass and diversity in subsurface soil where carbon content was high. The community structures in subsurface soil were similar among the soil profiles.2)Changes in microbial community structure during natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbonsA field lysimeter under an unsaturated condition was contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, and changes in the structure of microbial community in the contaminated soil was monitored using respiratory quinone profiles over 1 year. Petroleum hydrocarbons transported downward in lysimeter by infiltration water. Specific quinone species increased when petroleum hydrocarbon concentration increased to 3000 mg/kg at maximum, indicating propagation of the degrading microorganisms. After petroleum hydrocarbons dissipated, community structure returned to the one before the contamination.3)Microbial transport through porous mediaTransport of microbial cells by infiltration water was examined using a Sho-na-i river soil as a microbial source and glass beads as porous media. A high flow rate of infiltration water resulted in the transport of soil particles, which showed a positive correlation with microbial cells transported, but not in the case of low flow rate. There were differences among the proportions of free and attached bacterial cells between the high and low flow rates of infiltration water. Less