Identification and characterization of stem cells for kidney

1)发现骨髓源性细胞向肾小球系膜细胞分化的生物学条件。2)我们从肾脏中纯化SP细胞，并对其进行表征。3)我们证明了胚胎细胞通过胚胎微嵌合植入母鼠体内，并且这些细胞有助于慢性损伤后肝脏和肾脏的修复。据报道，孕妇携带的胎儿细胞是通过胎盘输入的。这些胎儿细胞在有怀孕史的女性体内存活并存在很长时间。这种现象被称为胎儿微嵌合。在人类中，有一个持续27年的微嵌合现象。据报道，在慢性甲状腺炎和丙型肝炎等慢性炎症病变中检测到胎儿细胞，因为胎儿细胞与母亲是半同种异体的，它们可能引起自身免疫性疾病，如干燥综合征和硬皮病。我们研究了母鼠胎儿细胞与肾脏疾病的关系。在庆大霉素引起的大鼠肾病中，我们发现胎儿细胞被合并到小管上皮结构中。这一结果表明，人类胎儿细胞也有助于母肾的形成。4)我们建立了一种方法来鉴定参与肾小球上皮细胞修复的分子。5)我们发现维甲酸在修复中发挥了相关作用，维甲酸促进了肾素的转录。

1)We found the biological condition under which bone marrow-derived cells differentiate into glomerular mesangial cells. 2)We purified SP cells from kidney, and characterized them. 3)We demonstrated that fetal cells were engragted in mother rats as a result of fetal microchimerism, and that the cells contributed to the repair of liver and kidney after chronic injury. Reportedly, pregnant women carry fetal cells which are imported through placenta. These fetal cells survive and exist for a long time in women with the history of pregnancy. This phenomenon is called fetal microchimerism. In human, there is a case with 27-year longstanding microchimerism. It is reported that fetal cells are detected in chronic inflammation lesions such as chronic thyroiditis and hepatitis C. Because fetal cells are semi-allogenic to mothers, they might cause autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren syndrome and scleroderma. We studied the relation between fetal cells in mother rats and renal diseases. In rat gentamcin-induced nephropathy, we found fetal cells were incorporated into tubular epithelial structure. This result suggests that human fetal cells also contribute to mother kidney. 4)We established a method to identify molecules which are involved in the repair of glomerular epithelial cells. 5)We found that retinoic acid plays a relevant role in the repair and that retinoic acid facilitates transcription of nephrin.