Comparative Study on Consumption Pattern in Poland and Japan

在这个项目中，波兰方面和日本方面都访问了其他国家，研究了每个国家的家庭消费模式。本研究的主要方法是对家庭进行长期访谈，了解家庭背景，如房屋及其他财产的继承、家庭结构、子女教育等。在波兰家庭中，基本商品的消费模式相当保守，尽管计算机等新兴商品的消费对收入水平非常敏感。住房建设对收入水平和社会地位也非常敏感。在波兰，我们找不到任何关于消费和储蓄的长期理性决策。另一方面，在日本，尽管基本商品的消费也是保守的，但为子女建造房屋和投资教育的决定是日本家庭在心理上的既定条件。而这些用于建房和子女教育的支出对剩余消费有很大的影响。在日本，虽然我们必须注意到额外的收入对汽车等新商品的购买带来了有效的影响，但我们的方法是以外国人作为访谈者，在对家庭的小组调查研究中是相当有效的，尽管在日本还没有进行小组调查。

In this project Polish side and Japanese side both visited other country and researched consumption pattern of households of each country. Main method of our research is long time interview with household in order to understand the background of family, for example, inheritance of house and other assets, structure of family and education of children. In Polish household the consumption pattern of fundamental goods is quite conservative, although the consumption of new coming commodity, e.g.computer, is very sensitive to income level. Construction of home is also very sensitive to the income level and his social status. In Poland we can not find any long term rational decision making on consumption and saving. On the other hand in Japan, although the consumption of fundamental goods is also conservative, the decision of house construction and investment for education of his children is mentally a given condition for the Japanese household. And these expenditures for house building and children's education have strong influence to the remaining consumption. In Japan, although, we must pay attention that the additional income brings effective influence to purchase of new coming commodity, e.g.automobile.Our methodology, in which the foreigner plays a role of interviewer, is quite effective in the panel survey study of households, although in Japan the panel survey has yet not conducted.