What Social-Structural Factors Do Determine the Level of the Disaster Preparedness of the Residents for the Next Volcanic Eruption

北海道- komagatake和tarumae山是日本最活跃的火山之一。由于无法确定两座火山的喷发过程，因此在喷发事件发生的早期，居民将被要求撤离。我们认为只有高度的准备和高度的风险意识才能提前疏散。为了确定决定备灾水平的社会结构因素，进行了两次大规模调查和访谈调查。第一次大规模调查是对北海道-驹武附近的439名居民进行的，第二次是对田前山附近的Tomakomai市的211名居民进行的。为了调查1996-2000年间北海道-小竹竹小规模火山喷发的风险意识和应对措施，我们采访了12位社区领导人。主要发现概述如下：1。与Tazaki（1988）的调查相比，居民的准备程度和风险评估水平都有所提高。他们对1996-2000年发生的北海道-小竹竹火山和2000年乌苏火山爆发的小规模事件表示了相当大的兴趣，大多数人都和他们的邻居，特别是同事交谈。他们倾向于高度依赖地方政府的疏散命令。他们还倾向于错误地认为，火山喷发将以与以前类似的方式进行，或者火山喷发将周期性地发生。那些高度关注火山爆发的人倾向于做好准备。但即使他们感到焦虑，他们也不确定是否为爆发做好了准备。那些积极参与社区活动的人倾向于为火山爆发做高度准备。在高凝聚力的社区中，似乎使用资源动员理论提出的“框架增强”策略，在低凝聚力的社区中倾向于使用“框架扩展”策略。

The Hokkaido-Komagatake and Mt.Tarumae are one of the most active Volcanoes in Japan. Because the process of eruption the two volcanoes may take cannot be specified, the residents will be required to evacuate at an early stage of eruption event. We suppose that only the high preparedness and highly awareness of risk can evacuate early. Two mass surveys and the interview survey were conducted in order to identify the social-structural factors that the determine the level of the disaster preparedness.The first mass survey made inquiries into the 439 residents who live near the Hokkaido-Komagatake, and second one 211 citizens of Tomakomai city near the Mt.Tarumae. We interviewed twelve community leaders in order to investigate the awareness of the eruption risk and responses against small-scale events of the Hokkaido-Komagatake in 1996-2000. Major finding are outlined below.1.Compared with the survey conducted by Tazaki(1988), the residents raised the level of preparedness and risk evaluation.2.They expressed considerable interest in the small-scale events of the Hokkaido-Komagatake in 1996-2000 and the eruption of the Mt.Usu in 2000, and most had a conversation with their neighborhood, especially fellow workers.3.They are inclined to depend on highly Local Governments' evacuation order. And they are also inclined to believe erroneously that the eruption will proceed in a similar manner as before or that the eruption would occur periodically.4.Those who are highly concerned for the volcano eruption are inclined to prepare well. But even though they feel anxiety, they aren't sure to prepare for eruption.5.Those who involve in community actively are inclined to prepare highly for the eruption.6.n the community with highly cohesiveness, it seems that the "Frame Augmentation" strategy, Resource Mobilization Theory proposed, are used, and in low cohesive community "Frame Extension" strategy tends to be used.