Reexamination of Kant's criticism of modern rationalism from the viewpoint of the confrontation with Wolffian philosophy

从康德批判现代理性主义与沃尔夫哲学对立的角度，阐明了康德批判现代理性主义的创新性。首先，对埃伯哈德在《哲学杂志》上发表的六篇文章进行了考察。论人类知识的极限论逻辑真理或人类知识的先验有效性。3 .更多地应用逻辑真理理论或人类知识的先验有效性。纯智力的领域。论感官认知与智力认知的本质区别。论人类知识的起源。接着，我们考察了康德在《论对纯粹理性的任何新的批判都将被旧的批判取代的发现》一文中的回应。描述顺序的问题。关于那些不能给予相应的感性直观的概念的客观实在性。论证客观实在性的原则和充分理性的概念。证明简单事物的概念相对于经验对象的客观实在性。从感性上升到非感性的方法。埃伯哈德与康德的本质区别，不在于他低估了经验，而在于他把经验与理性，或感性与理智混为一谈。埃伯哈德说“如果我们不是从我们通过感官感知到的事物或者我们在自己的灵魂中意识到的事物中抽象出来的我们就不可能有任何一般概念”沃尔夫哲学把理智从感性中抽象出来。这一点可以追溯到亚里士多德的古代哲学。康德“批判哲学”的创新性，只有在对这一点进行仔细思考后才能显现出来。

The innovativeness of Kant's criticism of modern rationalism was clarified from the viewpoint of the confrontation with Wolffian philosophy.First, Eberhard's six nest articles in "Philosophical magazine" were examined.1.On limits of human knowledge.2.On logical truth or the transcendental validity of human knowledge.3.More application of the theory of the logical truth or the transcendental validity of human knowledge.4.On area of pure intellect.5.On essential difference between cognition by sense and cognition by intellect.6.On origin of human knowledge.Next, Kant's response in "On a discovery whereby any new critique of pure reason is to be made superfluous by an older one" was examined.1.The problem of the descriptive order2.Concerning the objective reality of those concepts to which no corresponding sensible intuition can be given.3.Demonstration of the objective reality of the principle and concept of sufficient reason.4.Proof of the objective reality of the concept of the simple in regard to objects of experience.5.The method of ascending from the sensible to the non-sensible.The point about the essential difference of Eberhard from Kant was found not in the underestimate of experience, but in the mixture of the empirical and the rational, or the sensible and the intellectual. Eberhard says, "We cannot have any general concepts which we have not abstracted from the things which we perceive through the senses or from those of which we are conscious in our own soul". Wolffian philosophy abstract the intellectual from the sensible. This point dates back to Aristotle's ancient philosophy. The innovativeness of Kant's "critical philosophy" becomes clear only after careful consideration to this point.