A contrastive study on the cognitive scheme in the realization of the accusative case between Japanese and German

本研究旨在通过语料分析来描述日、德两种语言中复格实现的认知机制。在2003年和2004年，我首先建立了一个研究的理论框架，然后收集了大量的语言样本，这些语言样本表明了祈使句与其他情况，特别是与格和介词短语之间的对立。作为研究的结果，我发表了以下文章：在Seino（2005）的“Pladoyer fur eine Grauchsbasierte Satzsemantik-Einge neue Valenztheorie”（Proposal for the usage-based sentence semantics）中，我指出传统的配价理论过于关注强制补语和选择补语的区别，不能代表词的真实的用法。因此，我提出了一个新的配价理论的基础上使用频率的语料库。 ...更多信息 Seino（2004），“Die Experiencer-Codierung im Deutschen und im Japanischen”（The Experiencer-Coding in German and Japanese），我提出了两点。首先，德语中对受事件影响的人进行编码是必要的，而日语中的动词和形容词的意义往往包含了人的受影响性。在Seino and Tanaka（2006）的“The 'passive' voice in Japanese and German”一文中，我观察了两种语言中的被动句，并指出德语和日语被动句在“及物性”的减少方面是相似的，但与此同时，它们的不同之处在于，德语被动句是通过消除一个论元来构建的（主动句的主语）而日语被动句是在主动句中加入一个成为被动句主语的论元而产生的除了这些出版物之外，我还收集了大量的德语和日语中含有祈使句、与格和介词短语的例句，并建立了一个数据库，本报告只代表了部分数据。少

This research aims to describe the cognitive mechanism in the realization of the accusative case of Japanese and German through corpus linguistic analyses. In the years of 2003 and 2004 I made a theoretical framework of the research first and then collected a variety of linguistic samples which show the opposition between the accusative and other cases especially such as the dative and prepositional phrases. These samples enabled me to observe a number of factors affecting the realization of the accusative.As results of this research I published the following articles :In Seino (2005), "Pladoyer fur eine Grauchsbasierte Satzsemantik-Einge neue Valenztheorie" (Proposal for the usage-based sentence semantics), I pointed out that the traditional valence theory could not represent the real usage of words, because it was too much concerned with the distinction between obligatory and optional complements. I consequently proposed a new valency theory based on frequency of usages in corpora.In … More Seino (2004), "Die Experiencer-Codierung im Deutschen und im Japanischen" (The Experiencer-Coding in German and Japanese), I argued two points. Firstly the coding of the human beings affected by the event is necessary in German, while the affectedness of the human being is often incorporated in the meanings of verbs and adjectives in Japanese. Sencondly this difference of the experiencer coding has a direct effect on the sentence structures in both languages.In Seino and Tanaka (2006), "The ‘passive' voice in Japanese and German" I observed passive sentences in both languages and pointed out that German and Japanese passive sentences are similar in terms of the reducing of "transitivity", but at the same time they are different in that German passive sentences are built by eliminating an argument (the subject of the active sentence) while Japanese passive sentences are produced in the process of adding an argument which becomes the subject of the passive sentences to the active sentencesBesides these publications I collected a lot of sample sentences in German and Japanese which contain accusative, dative and prepositional phrases and made a data base where only partial data are represented in this report. Less