Qumran Digital: Text and Lexicon

昆兰和死海附近其他遗址的手稿为理解古代犹太教做出了独特的贡献。大约一千份零碎的手稿填补了圣经和犹太语、希伯来语和亚拉姆语之间的空白。语料库的研究在过去的三十年里经历了巨大的上升，目前正在经历着重大的变化。新的图像数据库能够改进手稿的阅读和识别。因此，权威的40卷文本版本(DJD)现在已经过时了。在过去的二十年里，已经创造了两百多个新的文本版本，每个版本都有自己的优点和缺点。这种情况对昆兰研究和邻近的研究领域都提出了一个问题。没有一个中央机构管理文本的丰富的元数据，特别是拟议的不同读物，这一领域仍然缺乏一部全面的死海古卷语言学词典。该项目的目的是首次以数字方式汇编一部完整的语言学词典(语言史、词法、语义学)，并以开放获取的方式逐条在线发布，最终与研究文献中提出的各种替代读物一起呈现卷轴的完整文本(包括中世纪手稿Ben Sira、Aramaic Levi文献和大马士革文献)。希伯来语词典的四分之一已经完成，将在项目开始时在网上提供。所有数据都将以数字方式获取，以便让用户深入了解词典条目所依据的个别决定，同时为整个文本语料库提供大量元数据材料，以便进一步研究文本本身(句法分析、碑文注释等)。该项目的所有方面都是基于我们自己的、国际公认的准备工作。专门为这些任务开发的数据库已经存在，但需要调整，首先是关于公共网站的可及性。该数据库在数字人文领域堪称典范，目前不仅被哥廷根科学院和人文学院的Qumranwörterbuch项目使用，而且是德国-以色列DFG项目Scripta Qumranica Electronica(SQE)的核心，它能够作为进一步科学工作的基础知识库。在拟议的十二年项目结束时，该数据库可以不受限制地继续以许多方式为库姆兰研究领域和其他领域的研究提供有价值的服务。

The manuscripts from Qumran and other sites near the Dead Sea provide a unique contribution to the understanding of ancient Judaism. About one thousand fragmentary manuscripts fill the gap between biblical and rabbinic Hebrew and Aramaic. Research on the corpus has experienced a tremendous upswing in the last thirty years and is currently undergoing significant changes. New image databases enable improved readings and identifications of manuscripts. Thus, the authoritative forty volume text editions (DJD) have now become outdated. Over two hundred new text editions have been created in the last twenty years, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. This situation poses a problem both for Qumran studies and adjacent fields of research. A central body managing the abundance of metadata of the texts, especially the proposed different readings, does not exist, and the field still lacks a comprehensive philological dictionary of the Dead Sea Scrolls.The aim of this project is to compile digitally for the first time a complete philological dictionary (linguistic history, morphology, semantics), and to publish it online in open access, article by article, and ultimately to present the complete text of the scrolls (including the medieval manuscripts of Ben Sira, Aramaic Levi Document, and Damascus Document) alongside the various alternate readings proposed in research literature. A quarter of the Hebrew dictionary has already been completed and will be made available online at the beginning of the project. All data will be made digitally accessible in order to give users insight into the individual decisions underlying the dictionary entries and at the same time to provide the whole text-corpus with extensive material of metadata for further research of the texts themselves (syntactic analyses, epigraphic notes, etc.). All facets of the project are based on our own, internationally recognized preparatory work. A database specially developed for these tasks already exists, but needs to be adapted, first of all with regard to public web accessibility. The database, which is exemplary in the field of Digital Humanities, is currently not only in use by the Qumranwörterbuch project of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities but also stands at the heart of the German-Israeli DFG project Scripta Qumranica Electronica (SQE), and it is able to serve as a foundational knowledge base for further scientific endeavors. At the end of the proposed twelve-year project, the database may continue without restriction to render valuable service in many ways to research in the field of Qumran studies and beyond.