Contribution of alveolar lymphocytes to acute lung injury.

1.肺泡淋巴细胞对轻度高碳酸血症的影响为了评估轻度高碳酸血症对肺泡细胞功能的影响，我们研究了维持轻度高碳酸血症和正常碳酸血症的麻醉患者。在诱导后立即、麻醉诱导后2、4、6小时以及手术结束时采集肺泡细胞。对其吞噬活性和杀微生物活性进行了评价。同时，将收获的细胞溶解在胍缓冲液中。分离总RNA，用逆转录酶合成cDNA。通过特异性的白细胞介素1 β和8、干扰素γ、肿瘤坏死因子α引物，采用聚合酶链反应进行半定量分析。我们通过流式细胞术分析了中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞来源的粘附分子，包括CD10a、b、c、CD18、49d和54，以及淋巴细胞来源的粘附分子（cd4和8）。各组间的吞噬和杀微生物功能指标均无差异。然而，促炎性细胞因子、活化淋巴细胞以及中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞衍生的粘附分子在高碳酸血症患者中的表达明显高于正常碳酸血症患者。我们的研究结果提示轻度呼吸亢进可以保护麻醉和手术期间的肺部炎症反应。手术幅度严重调节肺泡细胞功能。我们评估了手术幅度对肺泡巨噬细胞功能的影响。我们研究了接受大、中、小手术的患者。研究方案如前所述。随着手术幅度的增大，促炎细胞因子、活化淋巴细胞和粘附分子的表达显著增加。在接受大手术的患者中，吞噬和杀微生物活性的下降要大得多。提示手术幅度的增加严重加重了肺功能。围手术期低温降低所有肺泡细胞功能。我们评估了手术幅度对肺泡巨噬细胞功能的影响。我们研究了围手术期低温和常温患者。所有肺泡细胞功能均因体温过低而降低。这些结果可能暗示术后肺部感染发生率增加。少

1.Effects of alveolar lymphocytes on mild hypercapneaTo evaluate the mild hypercapnea on alveolar cell functions, we studied anesthetic patients maintained mild hypercapnea or normocapnea.To harvest alveolar cells were performed immediately after induction, 2,4,and 6 hours after induction of anesthesia, and at the end of the surgery. Phagocytic and microbicidal activities were evaluated. Also, harvested cells were dissolved in guanidinium buffer. Total RNA was isolated and cDNA was synthesized with a reverse transcriptase. By specific primers of interleukin-1beta and 8,interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, semi-quantitative analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction.We analyzed neutrophil and macrophage derived adhesion molecules including CD10a,b,c,CD18,49d,and 54,and lymphocyte derived adhesion molecules(CD 4 and 8) by a flowcytometry.Inter-group differences were not detected in any parameters of phagocytic and microbicidal functions. However, Expression of pro-infl … More ammatory cytokines, activated lymphocytes and neutrophil and macrophage derived adhesion molecules were much greater in hypercapneic patients than in normocapneic patients.Our results suggest that mild hypercapnea may protect pulmonary inflammatory reactions during anesthesia and surgery.2.Operative magnitude seriously modulates alveolar cell functions.We evaluated the effects of operative magnitude on alveolar macrophages functions.We studied patients undergoing major, moderate and minor surgery. Study protocol was described previously. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activated lymphocytes, and adhesion molecules significantly increase as the operative magnitude increased. The decrease in phagocytic and microbicidal activities was much greater in patients undergoing major surgery.These results suggest that increase in operative magnitude seriously aggravate pulmonary functions.3.Perioperiative hypothermia decreases all alveolar cell functions.We evaluated the effects of operative magnitude on alveolar macrophages functions.We studied perioperative hypothermic and normothermic patients. All alveolar cell functions decreased by hypothermia.These results may imply increase in rate of postoperative pulmonary infections. Less