Study on relationship between functional and morphological abnormalikties in glaucomatous optic nerve damages.

用扫描激光眼底镜(HRT)测量青光眼猕猴视神经头部地形图变化的时程，对11只食蟹猴左眼进行激光小梁成形术，诱发慢性眼压升高。其中5只猴在激光治疗12周后用HRT测量视盘参数，其余6只猴在第一次激光治疗前及治疗后1、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14和16周测量视盘参数的变化。实验结束后，每只眼摘除眼球，制作视网膜横切面进行组织学分析。激光治疗眼压在实验期间持续升高至30毫米汞柱以上，与对侧眼比较有统计学意义。除视盘面积外，HRT参数随时间变化，并依赖于持续的IOPel…在16周期间有更多的事件发生。而在激光治疗后的前4周内，各项参数的变化几乎达到最大。根据组织学视网膜切片，所有HRT参数与视盘中心距视盘中心1.5个视盘直径处的视网膜神经纤维层厚度(p&lt；0.05)呈高度相关。我们的结果表明，扫描激光断层扫描可以检测到食蟹猴视神经头随时间的定量变化。我们评价了一种新型的水溶性钙通道阻滞剂盐酸伊加地平对荷兰兔和食蟹猴视神经头(ONH)循环的影响。单次给药后，伊加地平使治疗眼的ONH循环显著增加8%至10%，或在兔21天每日两次给药后显著增加18%至35%(p&lt；0.05)。在猴子身上，伊加地平每天两次给药7天(p&lt；0.05)后，ONH循环显著增加20%到41%。日本不同类型的原发性青光眼患者的滤过泡临床特征相似。通过三维图像分析技术，Leber遗传性视神经病变(LHON)眼萎缩期的视盘具有青光眼样的形态变化。然而，NTG组的牙杯比LHON组深得多。LHON和NTG的视盘表现相似，提示线粒体功能的改变可能与视盘挖出有关。在日本正常眼压性青光眼患者中，拉坦前列素和噻吗洛尔单独治疗3年后，眼压下降了13%-15%；两者对视野表现的影响相似。较少

To measure the time course of topographic changes in the optic nerve head by means of a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRT) in glaucomatous monkey, chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser trabeculoplasty in the left eye of eleven cynomolgus monkeys. In 5 from 11 monkeys, optic disc parameters were measured by a HRT 12 weeks after the laser treatment, and in the remainder of 6 monkeys, changes in the optic disc parameters were measured before the first laser treatment and then 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks after that. At the end of the experiments, each eye was enucleated and retinal cross sections were prepared for histological analysis. In the laser treatment eyes, IOP was persistently elevated to over 30 mmHg during the experiment period and their elevations were statistically significant as compared with those in the fellow eyes. The HRT parameters except for the disc area changed in time-dependent manner, and were depending on persistent IOP el … More evation during 16-week period. However, changes of parameters reached almost maximum within first 4 weeks after laser treatment. All HRT parameters showed highly significant correlations with the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.05) at 1.5 disc diameter from the center of the disc measured based on histological retinal sections. Our results indicate that quantitative changes in the optic nerve head over time with elevated intraocular pressure can be detected using scanning laser tomography in cynomolgus monkeys.We evaluated the effects of topically administered iganidipine hydrochloride, a novel watersoluble Ca^<2+> channel blacker, on optic nerve head (ONH) circulation in Dutch rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys. Iganidipine significantly increased ONH circulation by 8 to 10 % in treated eyes after a single administration or by 18 to 35 % after 21-day twice-daily administration in rabbits (p<0.05). In monkeys, iganidipine also signifkuntly increased ONH circulation by 20 to 41 % after 7-day (p<0.05) twice-daily administration.The clinical characteristics of filtering blebs were similar in Japanese patients with different types of primary glaucoma. Blebs with a large avascular area were associated with a higher risk of bleb leakage.By three-dimensional image analysis techniques, the optic discs at the atrophic stage of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) eyes have glaucoma-like morphological changes. However, the cups were significantly deeper in NTG than LHON. The similarity in the optic disc findings in LHON and NTG suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function may be related to optic disc excavations.Both latanoprost and timolol single treatment reduced IOP by 13-15% for 3 years in Japanese normal-tension glaucoma patients ; both showed similar effects on visual field performance. Less