Mathematics and Science Education for Improvement of Student's Logical Thinking Power

思考问题的能力。对于工程师来说，逻辑地寻找解决方案是必不可少的。然而，最近的学生往往不善于逻辑地、深入地思考问题。本研究分析了学生逻辑思维能力的实际情况，阐明了在数学和自然科学中，什么样的教学方法可以提高学生的逻辑思维能力。我们的活动是：1；定义“逻辑思维能力”：我们将其定义为系统考虑事物，以口语或书面形式表达意见并得出结论的能力。换句话说，它是使用三段论，逻辑表达意见，归纳和演绎推理的能力。分析实际逻辑思维能力(1)：先准备8名受试者。基于上述观点，学生们在每个科目上的能力分为五个等级。结果在车间报告如下。工作坊：举办工作坊，与其他学校分享信息，交换意见，并做报告。更实际的逻辑思维能力(2)：另一项研究是在新的八个科目。根据每个科目的数学和科学基础知识、计算能力和逻辑表达能力，将学生分为五个级别。我们将这些结果与每个学生在定期考试和期中考试中的成绩进行比较，并做了详细的报告。今天，越来越多的学生倾向于通过记忆或模式识别而不是逻辑思维来找到答案，我们在研究中遇到了这样的学生。在此基础上，提出了提高大学生逻辑思维能力的建议；老师应该严厉地批改试卷，学生应该逻辑地写答案。在本研究中，我们设定了包括改进教材在内的实际目标。我们对提高逻辑思维能力的教材质量的追求和对提高逻辑表达能力的建议，正间接地在我国数理科教师中传播。少

The ability to consider subjects and. find solutions logically is indispensable for engineers. Recent students, however, tend to be poor at thinking matters logically and deeply. This research analyzes their actual logical thinking ability, clarifying what kind of teaching method can improve it in mathematics and natural science. Our activities were :1.Defining the "logical thinking ability" :We have defined it as the ability to consider things systematically, express opinions in speaking or writing, and reach a conclusion. In other words, it's the ability to use a syllogism, express opinions logically, and reason inductively and deductively.2.Analyzing actual logical thinking ability (1):Eight subjects were prepared first. Based on the above standpoints, students were rated their ability on five levels for each subject. The result was reported ma workshop below.3.Workshop :We held a workshop to share information and exchange opinions with other schools, and made a report.4.Analyzing a … More ctual logical thinking ability (2) :Another research was made on new eight subjects. Students were classified into five levels regarding their basic knowledge of mathematics and science, calculation ability, and logical expressing ability for each subject. We compared these results with each student's results in the regular and midterm examinations, and made a detailed report.Today, more and more students tend to find an answer not through a logical thinking, but only with a memory or pattern recognition, whom we met during our research. Based on these analyses, suggestions were made to enhance their logical thinking ability ; teachers should mark papers severely, students should write answers logically. In this research, we set practical targets including improved teaching materials. Our pursuit of better teaching materials for higher logical thinking ability and our proposal for improving the logical expressing ability is spreading indirectly among our mathematics and science teachers. Less