A Study on the Way of Life Support Conditions for the Elderly in Aged Society

本研究的目的是阐明老年人留在他们居住多年的城镇的必要支持。为此，我们对大坂府东大坂市的老年人进行了访谈和问卷调查。结果表明：（1）城市老年人大多数是独居或夫妻合住，即使他们需要一些生活支持服务。他们与邻居保持着良好的关系，这一事实使他们在所属的社区中有安全感。未来，社会支持服务和邻里关系将对无子女居家养老的老年人产生重要影响。2）焦虑是老年人放弃居家养老的原因之一。使用“町门日间屋”的老年人的身体水平广泛。老年人根据其日常生活能力需要各种支助，“町门日间之家”努力根据他们的需要提供支助。一个健康的老人可以看到一个虚弱的人是如何得到支持的。将来，如果他们在日常生活中需要帮助，他们认为他们可以以同样的方式获得支持。通过描绘未来生活的形象，他们可以在家里呆多久就呆多久。3）日本老年人福利的理想方式在很多方面都是向瑞典学习的。在瑞典，为了支持老年人留在家里，不仅要在艰苦的方面（家庭适应）进行维护，而且还要采取预防措施，防止需要照顾。近年来，对家庭（照顾者）的支持受到重视。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the necessary supports for the elderly to staying at home in the town where they have lived for many years. For this objective, we interviewed and questionnaire survey the elderly in Higashi-Osaka City in Osaka prefecture. The results are follows :1) Most of the elderly in urban area lived by themselves or by couples, even if they need some life-support services. They maintained good relationship with neighbors, the fact of which give them a sense of security in the community they belong to. In the future, social support services and relationship with neighbors will play an important role for the elderly who intended to stay at home without children.2)For elderly people, the anxiety is one of the causes abandoning staying at home. There were wide physical level of the elderly who used the "Machikado-Day-House". The elderly needed various supports depending on their ADL, and the "Machikado-Day-House" tried to support them according to their needs. A healthy elderly person could see how a weak one had received support. And in the future, if they need help in daily life, they think that they can be able to receive supports in the same way. It will be possible to stay at home as long as they want by drawing the image of the future life.3)The ideal way of the welfare of the aged of Japan is learnt from Sweden in a lot of points. In Sweden, to support the elderly for staying at home, not only maintenance in hard respect (home adaptation), but also take the precaution against needing care. Recently, support to family (the care-giver) is attached to importance.