Transformation of European Civil Society under Globalization and Europeanization

本研究的目的不是从制度层面，而是从社会、公民和政治行动者的政策和战略层面来考察全球化和欧洲化对欧洲国家的影响和反应。特别是与各国政府、政党、民间社会和欧盟的关系。我们打算分析国内政治和国外政治之间的联系。具体而言，首先，分析全球化与欧洲化之间的竞合关系。第二，欧洲政党制度重组的比较研究。第三，关于这些国家公民社会的行动，通过本研究，我们首先可以确定马斯特里赫特条约后实现的欧洲化的含义，即各国国家政治与欧盟之间的多边动态适应，导致身份政治。其次，阐述了这一过程在英国、法国、德国、瑞典和意大利等国带来的社会民主主义革新和合作政治危机。第三，对内政治文明化和对外政治文明化的各种尝试，市民社会的强化，尤其是在德国。第四，新右翼政党的崛起是一个非常重要和危险的现象。第五，欧洲制度仍然是抵御美国新自由化浪潮的堡垒。我们在2005年日本比较政治学会年会上报告了这些研究，并出版了《新世纪的欧洲民主》一书。

The aims of this research are to investigate the impacts and reactions in European countries by the Globalization and Europeanization not from the institutional aspects but from the aspects of policy and strategy of social, civil and political actors. In particular, the relations to national governments, parties, civil societies and EU. We intend to analyze the link between internal politics and foreign politics. Specifically, first, to analyze the counter-compete relation among Globalization and Europeanization. Second, comparative study of reorganization of party system in European countries. Third, with respect to actions of civil societies in these countries.By this research, at first, we could determine the meanings, of Europeanization realized after Maastricht Treaty, with multi-lateral dynamic adaptation between national politics in each country and EU, that caused identity politics. Second, we explained that this process brought about the innovation of social democracy and crisis of corporative politics in United Kingdom, France, Germany, Sweden and Italy. Third, there are various attempts of civilization of internal politics and foreign politics, and the reinforcement of civil society, particularly in Germany. Fourth, the rise of new right parties is a very important and dangerous phenomenon. Fifth, European institutions function still as the bulwark against the wave of American neo-liberalization.We reported these researches in the annual conference of Japan Association for Comparative Politics in 2005, and published the book "European Democracy in a new Century".