Empirical econometric studies of globalization of Japanese firms based on micro-data

本研究的目的是在微观数据的基础上对日本企业的全球化决策进行实证和定量的研究。在三年的项目中，最后一年的主要研究成果如下：（一）我们分析了由微观数据构建的数据集，我们在去年获得了政府的正式许可。我们使用国际贸易和工业省（现为经济贸易和工业省）进行的“商业和制造业结构和活动基本调查”作为主要数据来源。在我们的学术论文中报告的主要发现如下。(b)在国内供应商与外国供应商之间选择外包时，研发密集型企业倾向于选择国内供应商。在比较国内外包、外国外包商和从其外国子公司采购的公司时，生产性公司倾向于向国外采购，资本密集型或研发密集型公司倾向于从其外国子公司采购。在控制了行业和公司规模之后，这些结果基本上是稳健的。我们还发现，在产品周期中研发强度最小的阶段，企业倾向于外包给国外供应商。(c)我们还比较了内部研发努力和外部网络对企业出口决策的影响。作为一项相关研究，我们还考察了外商直接投资与知识产权保护之间的关系。

The purpose of this research project is to investigate empirically and quantitatively the globalization decision of Japanese firms based on micro-data. The main results from the research in the last year in the three-year project are as follows.(a) We analyzed the dataset constructed from the micro-data, which we had access under the official permission from the government lat year. We used "The basic Survey of Commercial and Manufacturing Structure and Activities," conducted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (currently the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) as the principal data source. The main findings reported in our academic papers are as follows.(b) In the outsourcing choice between domestic vs. foreign suppliers, R＆D-intensive firms tend to choose domestic suppliers. In comparing domestic outsourcing, foreign outsourcers, and firms sourcing from their foreign affiliates, productive firms tend to source abroad, and capital-intensive or R＆D-intensive firms tend to source from their foreign affiliates. These results are basically robust after industry and firm-size are controlled for. We also find that firms tend to outsource to foreign suppliers in the least R＆D-intensive stage along the product cycles.(c) We also compare the impacts of internal R＆D efforts and external networks on the firm's exporting decision. As a related study, we also have examined the relation between foreign direct investment and intellectual property right protection.