Formation of basal body-associated structures in ciliated cells

纤毛是细长的结构，含有由微管组成的轴丝。纤毛从结构相同的基底体延伸至中心粒。基底体与几个与基底体相关的结构相联系，如有条纹的根、基足和翼板。纤毛细胞的形成称为纤毛发生。纤维颗粒是纤毛发生过程中的初始结构。在脊椎动物细胞中，中心体由一对中心粒和周围的中心粒物质(PCM)组成。用识别甲亚氨基转移酶环脱氨酶(FTCD)的抗高尔基体58K蛋白抗体，用免疫组织化学方法研究了FTCD在不同培养细胞和人输卵管分泌细胞中的中心体定位。除高尔基体外，FTCD定位于中心体，在母中心粒周围更为丰富。由秋水仙素和灯盏花素A诱导的高尔基碎裂不影响FTCD的中心体定位，中心粒微管是多聚谷氨酸的，对微管蛋白解聚药物具有稳定的抵抗力。中心体中的FTCD可能与中心粒微管的聚谷氨酸残基有关，并可能为中心粒提供FTCD环脱氨酶结构域产生的谷氨酸。条纹根是一束束有梗的细丝。应用siRNA技术研究了树根蛋白在KD细胞纤毛形成中的作用。击倒根尖细胞后，纹状小根消失，而纤毛则与对照细胞相同。

Cilia are long slender structures containing the axoneme that consists of microtubules. Cilia extend from the basal bodies that are same structure to centrioles. Basal bodies are associated with several basal-body associated structures such as striated rootlets, basal foot, and alar sheets. Formation of ciliated cells are called ciliogenesis. Fibrous granules are initial sturucture during ciliogenesis. They are used for formation of basal bodies and striated rootless.In vertebrate cells, the centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles and surrounding pericentriolar material (PCM). Using anti-Golgi 58K protein antibodies that recognize formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD), we investigated its localization to the centrosome in various cultured cells and human oviductal secretory cells by immunohistochemistry. In addition to the Golgi apparatus, FTCD was localized to the centrosome, more abundantly around the mother centriole. The centrosome localization of FTCD continued throughout the cell cycle and was not disrupted after Golgi fragmentation, which was induced by colcemid and brefeldin A. Centriole microtubules are polyglutamated and stable against tubulin depolymerizing drugs. FTCD in the centrosome may be associated with polyglutamated residues of centriole microtubules and may play a role in providing centrioles with glutamate produced by cyclodeaminase domains of FTCD.Striated rootles are bundles of filaments with stiations. Function of rootletin on formation of cilia was investigated in cultured KD cells by siRNA. Knock down of rootletin induced disappearance of striated rootlets, however, cilia were developed as in control cells.