A comparative study of IEP service delivery system for the children with autism between U.S and Japan

本研究旨在探讨美国与日本的自闭症儿童服务提供系统。在美国，特殊教育服务是由IDEA和州法律来规范的。根据这些规定，个别教育计划是为每个自闭症儿童制定的。他们提供两种服务。一个是“特殊教育服务”，另一个是“相关服务”，我们得到了15个IEP，参加了3个IEP会议，并与3个统一学区的特殊教育官员和12个自闭症儿童服务提供者代理人进行了访谈，特别是有关“相关服务”的研究。大部分“相关服务”是由非牟利的校外服务提供者提供PO（非营利组织）或PO（营利组织）。行为服务（阿坝，行为治疗）和言语治疗是自闭症儿童最常用的治疗方法。平均费用约为每小时55美元。提供服务的形式多种多样（例如，以家庭为基础、以诊所为基础、以学校为基础、以课堂为基础）。在NPO或PO中，代理商只需要获得许可，大多数员工没有资格，只是作为他们的载体开发。市政总署会与非牟利机构或私人机构签订合约，为学校提供服务，并监察这些机构的运作。在日本，“相关服务”类似于“自立-胜斗”班。但是自闭症的服务是由学校教师提供的，也就是说学校教师决定相关服务的内容。其他人没有教师执照不能工作。美国的制度比日本的制度更加灵活，分析“相关服务”的法律的状况和效力对日本的成本具有重要意义。与此同时，日本的NPO或PO需要更多地增加行为和言语服务。

The purpose of this study was to explore the service delivery system for the children with autism between USA and Japan. For attaining the purpose, the Japanese situation and background were compared to those of Japan.In U.S, special education services are regulated by IDEA and state laws. Under these regulations, IEP is made for each child with autism. They are delivered two kinds of services. One is "special education service", and the other is "related service".We got 15 IEP, participated in 3 IEP meeting, and interviewed with 3 officers of special education officer in 3 unified school districts (USD) and 12 agent of service provider of the children with autism, for studying especially about "related services".Most "relatec services" are delivered by out-school service provider which is NPO (Non Profit Organization) or PO (Profit Organization). Behavior service (ABA, Behavior Therapy) and speech therapy are most used by children with autism. The average of the cost is about $55 per one hour. The form of service delivery is various (ex; home-based, clinic-based, school-based, classroom-based). In NPO or PO, the agency only requires the permission, most staffs have no qualification and worked as their carrier development. USD contracts NPO or PO for delivering services to the schools and monitors them.In Japan, "related services" are similar to the class "JIRITSU-KATSUDOU". But the service provide for autism is delivered by school teachers It means that school teachers decide the contents of related services. Others can not work without having teacher license. U.S system has more flexible than Japanese system.It is important for Japan to analyze legal situation and effectiveness of "related service" to the cost. At the same time, NPO or PO in Japan need to add behavioral and speech services more.