Airborne in-situ characterisation of the microphysical and optical properties of small ice crystals and large hydrometeors (AMOSIL): HALO implementation and analysis methodology

这一联合项目更新提案的总体目标是开发和验证最近设计的四种光学方法，用于确定冰云要素的微物理和光学特性，并使其可用于新的研究飞机HALO的现场测量。这四台仪器分别是卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院的PHIPS（粒子习性成像和极性散射）和SID-3（小型冰探测器Mk 3）探头，以及该大学和美因茨马克斯普朗克化学研究所的CIP（云成像探头）和全息仪器HALOHOLO。飞机批准的仪器SID-3和CIP已经交付并部署在飞机上，并在第一个授权期的36个月内部署在KIT的云模拟室AIDA内。在第一个供资期内开发和建造了内部开发的仪器PHIPS和HALOHOLO。经过一些修改后，它们将在更新期的第一年内准备就绪。原型仪器已经在地面自由大气测量和云模拟室AIDA中使用。使用这套仪器可以获得冰云颗粒的全面表征，包括尺寸、外部和内部形态、表面粗糙度以及冰晶在从1微米到1毫米及以上的宽尺寸范围内的角光散射特性。为了实现这一目标并在2011年和2012年的HALO演示飞行任务ML-CIRRUS、POLSTRACC和ACRIDICON中部署仪器，必须： (1)开发全自动控制系统和数据采集软件。 (2)在真实的大气条件下测试这些仪器。 (3)开发自动化图像数据分析工具，从仪器数据集中提取微物理颗粒参数。 (4)编写PHIPS和HALOHOLO认证文件，进行飞行安全认证。 任务（2）和（3）可以通过在云模拟室AIDA进行专门的测试活动来实现。（3）中固有的开发任务需要付出巨大的努力，因为它是SID-3、PHIPS和HALOHOLO最终仪器交付品的关键。

The overall goal of this joint project renewal proposal is to develop and characterise four recently devised optical methods for the determination of the microphysical and optical properties of ice cloud elements and make them available for in situ measurements with the new research aircraft HALO. The four instruments are the PHIPS (Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering) and the SID-3 (Small Ice Detector Mk 3) probes from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology as well as the CIP (Cloud Imaging Probe) and the holographic instrument HALOHOLO from the University and the Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry in Mainz. The aircraft approved instruments SID-3 and CIP have been delivered and deployed on aircraft, and inside the cloud simulation chamber AIDA of KIT within the 36 month of the first grant period. The in-house developed instruments PHIPS and HALOHOLO have been developed and built during the first funding period. After some modifications they will be aircraft ready within the first year of the renewal period. The prototype instruments have already been used during ground based free atmospheric measurements and inside the cloud simulation chamber AIDA. With this set of instruments a comprehensive characterisation of ice cloud particles can be obtained including the size, the external and internal morphology, the surface roughness, and the angular light scattering properties of ice crystals over a broad size range extending from one micron to one millimetre and above. To reach this goal and deploy the instruments in the HALO demonstration missions ML-CIRRUS, POLSTRACC, and ACRIDICON in 2011 and 2012 it is essential to: (1) Develop fully automated control systems and data acquisition software. (2) Test these instruments under real atmosphere conditions. (3) Develop automated image data analysis tools that extract microphysical particle parameters from the instrument data sets. (4) Compile the certification documentation for PHIPS and HALOHOLO and conduct the flight safety certification. The tasks (2) and (3) can be achieved through dedicated test campaigns at the cloud simulation chamber AIDA. The development task inherent in (3) requires major efforts as it is the key to the final instrument deliverables of SID-3, PHIPS and HALOHOLO.