Archaeological, geoarchaeological and geophysical investigations on changes of the fluvial system by the Romans between Odenwald and the River Rhine along the modern Landgraben (Hessisches Ried)- LANDGRABEN -

水路在罗马行省中扮演着重要的角色。除了大型河流外，较小的通航水道对于在没有现有基础设施的情况下发展新界尤其重要。在Landgraben项目的框架内，我们打算重建罗马人沿着罗马帝国边境地区Hessisches Ried的Landgraben的水道系统的变化，时间从基督诞生到公元5世纪。因此，重点将放在重新引导小溪和河流，重新激活死亡的河流系统以及建造几公里长的渠道和加固的登陆点上。Landgraben是Hessisches Ried北方最重要的水道。它提供了理想的条件，以确定经济权利的使用，以及军事战略计划的罗马人的基础上，他们如何操纵当地的水道，并抓住相关的影响，为中世纪和现代。我们计划测试考古和地质考古假设之间的9个重点领域的Landgraben满足Altneckar低地和接近的地方，它流入莱茵河的基础上，罗马人的遗骸定居点和军营。重点将放在河道的重建和罗马Landgraben作为奥登瓦尔德和莱茵河之间的直接连接路径的重要性。在具体的层面上，我们将测试的假设，即（一）罗马人故意修改河流系统，通过重新激活死河武器和建设渠道，（二）这些措施是一个有计划的区域水道系统的交通地理结构化的一部分，（三）是相关的罗马定居点和（四）军事基础设施的选址，最后，（v）里德河的现代河流景观代表了罗马时代结构良好的交通和军事规划措施的文化遗产，我们的建议是基于全面的考古、地球物理和地质考古初步研究，采用创新和现代方法，已经取得了有希望的初步成果。在该项目的框架内，我们将采用系统的跨学科方法，包括多传感器地球物理调查（EMI/MG，ERT，GPR，地震），地质考古学研究使用直接推深，振动钻孔和沉积物分析古环境重建，以及考古调查，如调查，sondages，发现的材料分析，考古植物学和陶瓷分析。景观操纵措施并没有引起省级罗马考古学的兴趣。然而，LANDGRABEN项目对未来的研究活动具有高度的相关性，因为它将提高我们对罗马帝国西北省份自然资源利用潜力的整体认识。

Waterways play an important role in the Roman provinces. Besides large rivers, smaller navigable waterways are especially relevant for the development of new territories without existing infrastructure. Within the framework of the LANDGRABEN project, we intend to reconstruct changes of the watercourse system by the Romans along the Landgraben in the Hessisches Ried, a border region of the Roman Empire, for the time between Christ’s birth and the 5th cent. AD. Hereby, the focus will be laid on the redirection of creeks and rivers, the reactivation of dead fluvial systems as well as the construction of channels, several kilometers long, and of fortified landing places. The Landgraben is the most significant watercourse in the northern part of the Hessisches Ried. It offers ideal conditions to determine the economic right of use as well as military strategy plans of the Romans based on the way how they manipulated local watercourses and to seize related effects for medieval and modern times.We plan to test archaeological and geoarchaeological hypotheses in nine focus areas between where the Landgraben meets the Altneckar lowlands and close to where it flows into the River Rhine based on remains of Roman settlements and military camps. The focus will be laid on the reconstruction of the river course and the significance of the Roman Landgraben as direct connection path between the Odenwald and the River Rhine. On a concrete level, we will test the hypotheses that (i) the Romans intentionally modified the fluvial system by reactivating dead river arms and constructing channels, (ii) such measures were part of a planned structurization of the transport geography of the regional water course system and (iii) were relevant for the selection of sites for Roman settlements and (iv) military infrastructure, and finally, that (v) the modern fluvial landscape of the Ried represents the cultural heritage of well-structured transport and military planning measures during Roman times.Our proposal is based on comprehensive archaeological, geophysical and geoarchaeological preliminary studies using innovative and modern methods that have already yielded promising initial results. Within the frame of the project, we will apply a systematic, interdisciplinary approach comprising multi-sensor geophysical investigations (EMI/MG, ERT, GPR, seismics), geoarchaeological studies using Direct Push-soundings, vibracore drillings and sediment analyses for palaeoeoenvironmental reconstructions, as well as archaeological investigations such as surveys, sondages, analyses of found material, archaeobotanical and ceramic analyses.So far, landscape manipulation measures have not attracted much interest in Provincial Roman Archaeology. The LANDGRABEN project, however, is of high relevance for future research activities as it will improve our overall knowledge on the usage potential of natural resources in the northwestern provinces of the Roman Empire.