Synthesizing android and cognitive brain-scientific understanding of embodiment and sociality

为了构建与人类具有高亲和力的智能信息系统的设计方法，理解人类认知和行为的基本原理，即具体化和社会性，是至关重要的。本研究采用三种方法：(1)使用类人机器人进行行为/学习实验：(2)基于脑活动测量的认知神经科学：(3)使用具有完美人类外观的新型机器人--机器人进行人-机器人交互实验。通过这些实验，从机器人、人和观察者三个角度揭示了人类认知的体验性、社会性等规律。1.基于实施例的动作生成/识别原理：利用一个成人大小的仿人机器人，在世界上首次实现了动态的“翻滚上升”动作。这揭示了具体化对自主行为的影响。同样的原则也在…上得到了展示更多的是有效的行动承认2.具有完美类人观的机器人的发展及其在交互实验中的应用：为了研究人类社会互动的一个基本因素，即世界观的影响，我们开发了具有完美类人观的机器人，并向公众展示了这一点。此外，还开发了实现交互式对话的自然身体动作的方法。互动的原理和模型：在涉及人类、机器人、非类人机器人或简单机器的对话情景中，已经对人类受试者进行了大脑活动测量、注视时间测量和凝视测量。这些实验揭示了被试的社会认知和态度是如何随着目标的不同而变化和发展的。构建了自主具身行为与基本社会性即模仿能力相结合的学习计算模型，这些成果在国际出版物和会议演讲中获得了优秀的国际评价。此外，部分成果还出现在电视报道和报纸上，引起了公众的广泛兴趣。较少

In order to construct a design methodology for intelligent information systems with high affinity to humans, it is crucial to understand the basic principles of human cognition and behavior, that are, embodiment and sociality.In this research, three methods are used: (1) behavior/learning experiments using humanoid robots: (2) cognitive neuroscience based on brain activity measurements: and (3) experiments on human-robot interaction using " androids", new type of robots with perfectly human-like appearance. Through these experiments, the principles of human cognition such as embodiment and sociality are revealed from the three view points: robot, human, and the observer. The following results are obtained:1. Principles of action generation/recognition based on embodiment: Using an adult-size humanoid robot, the dynamic " roll-and-rise" action was realized for the first time in the world. This revealed the effect of embodiment on autonomous behavior. The same principles are also shown t … More o be in effect for action recognition.2. Development of androids with perfectly human-like outlook and their application to interaction experiments: In order to investigate a fundamental factor of human social interaction, namely the effect of outlook, androids with perfectly human-like outlook have been developed and demonstrated to the public. Furthermore, methodologies for realizing natural bodily movements for interactive dialogues have been developed.3. Principles and models of interaction: Brain activity measurements, looking time measurements and gaze measurements have been carried out on human subjects in dialogue situations involving either of human, android, non-humanoid robot, or simple machine. The experiments revealed how social cognition and attitude of the subjects change and develop for different targets. Also, a learning computational model which integrates autonomous embodied behavior and basic sociality, that is, imitation capability, was constructed.The above achievements have received outstanding international evaluation for the international publications and conference presentations. Furthermore, parts of the achievements have been featured in TV reports and newspapers, widely provoking interests from the public. Less