Comparative practices in the creation, perpetuation and transformation of "national literature". The Case of German-speaking Switzerland. (E06#)

每当谈到“民族文学”，人们就会进行比较。这些通常采取“歌德与莎士比亚”并列的形式，按国家比较和对比文学习俗或体裁。与此同时，一些深刻而含蓄的想法也会被构建出来，比如关于“民族性格”及其差异的想法。但是，民族文学是如何通过具体的、聚集的行动者的实践出现的呢？它们需要什么，有什么替代概念？我们的项目通过研究1850-1950年瑞士德国文学的案例来探讨这些问题，以及它在自治、多语言和文学传统之间的紧张关系。利用来自新闻、文学研究和文化领域的各种文本的数字语料库，我们将文本挖掘应用于比较实践，呈现出“做民族文学”的可见模式。

Whenever one talks about 'national literature', comparisons are made. These often take the form of juxtaposing "Goethe vs. Shakespeare", of likening and contrasting literary customs or genres by country. At the same time, often profound and implicit ideas are constructed, for example about 'national characters' and their differences. But how do national literatures emerge through concrete, clustered practices of actors? What do they entail and what are alternative concepts? Our project explores these questions by examining the case of Swiss German literature 1850-1950, with its tension between autonomy, multilingualism, and literary traditions. Using a digital corpus of diverse texts from journalism, literary studies, and the cultural field, we apply text mining to comparative practices, rendering visible patterns of 'doing national literature'.