Field Studies on the Conventional Farming Tools and the Evolution of Farming Systems in Southeast Asia

泰国和马来西亚对水稻种植的传统农具和操作进行了研究。在现实中，许多传统工具正在从我们的视线中消失，新的国产设备以及进口设备已在相当程度上被使用。当前农业系统的一个显著特征是，即使在国内，区域差异也很大。然而，泰国和马来西亚在设备和方法上似乎存在一些基本的差异。在泰国，初级耕作作业主要使用轮盘犁或犁板犁和旋耕机。在马来西亚的主要水稻种植区，大型进口联合收割机的使用相当普遍。但在泰国不使用联合收割机，而是通常使用当地制造的扔入式脱粒机。在泰国，也广泛使用当地生产的动力耕作机和小型拖拉机。一般来说，在泰国使用的大多数工具是当地制造的，而在马来西亚使用的许多工具是进口的，其中一些是从泰国进口的。泰国和马来西亚正在根据各自的背景条件增加各种水稻种植新设备。建议今后应研究传统技术、自然和社会经济情况对开发新的适当技术的影响。

Traditional farm tools and operations for rice cultivation have been studied in Thailand and Malaysia. In reality many tracitional tools are disappearing from our sight and new locally made equipments as well as the imported ones have been used to a considerable extent.One of the noted characteristics of the present farming systems has been the high degree of regional variations even within the country. Yet there seems to be some basic differences in the equipments and methods between Thailand and Malaysia.Primary tillage operations are mainly done using kisk or moldboard plows in Thailand and rotary tillersThe use of large imported combine harvesters are quite popular in the major rice growing areas in Malaysia.But in Thailand combine harvesters are not used,instead locally made throw-in type threshers are commonly used.Also in Thailand locally made power tillers and small tractors are widely used.In general most implements being used in Thailand are locally made while many used in Malaysia are imported including some from Thailand.Both Thailand and Malaysia are undergoing an increase in various types of new equipments for rice cultivation depending upon the background condition of each country.Astudy of the influence of the traditional technologies,natural and socio-economical situations upon the development of new appropriate technology is suggested for future.