Development of clothes of elderly people for traffic safety at night based on their visual properties.

本研究旨在利用服装图案的显着性来提高服装的安全性。本研究由三个实验组成：摄像机实验、心理评价实验和问卷调查。所有实验的目的都是为了确定哪种图案的形状最明显。实验1.眼睛摄像机实验在假设眼睛首先向最明显的图案移动的情况下，当出现刺激时，测量眼球运动。刺激由三角形、正方形、长方形、U型等8种图案组成。对受试者的指导分为两种类型，1-1“自由观察刺激”和1-2“寻找最显著的模式”。实验1-1结果：三角形和圆形得分较高，但得分不高。1-2结果：三角形和倒三角形得分较高。实验2.心理测评实验观察…在更多的刺激和指令1-2中，受试者报告哪种模式最明显。结果：在不同的照度水平下，无论哪种照度水平，三角形都是最明显的，其次是倒三角形，最后是圆形。U形图案得分最低。必须注意的是，有些老年人0.02lx(14%)不能做实验，或者感觉很难看到刺激但敢做(8.3%)。实验3.为了安全起见，可以使用反光材料制作贴纸，上面画出最明显的图案。我们询问受试者是否想在身体上使用复古反光贴片。愿意使用它的受试者数量很少，特别是年轻人(20%)。老年女性用来制鞋的比例相对较高，为34.6%。然而，总的来说，人们不喜欢使用复古反光贴片来确保安全。较少

The research aims to use the property of pattern conspicuity for clothes to raise safety. It was composed of the following three experiments ; eye camera experiment, psychological evaluation experiment and questionnaire. All the experiments aim to decide which shape of pattern is the most conspicuous. Experiment 1. Eye camera experimentOn the assumption that the eyes move toward the most conspicuous pattern first, the eye movements were measured when a stimulus was presented. The stimulus was composed of 8 patterns such as a triangle, a square, a rectangular, and .a U shape. Instruction for the subjects were in two types, 1-1 "Observe the stimulus freely" and 1-2 "Search for the most conspicuous pattern." The numb of subjects was 8 persons, young and elderly.Result from the instruction 1-1 : Triangle and circle showed high scores but not much.Result from the instruction 1-2 : Triangle and inverted triangle showed high scores.Experiment 2. Psychological evaluation experimentAfter observ … More ing the stimulus with the instruction 1-2, the subjects reported which pattern was most conspicuous. Three illuminance levels of 300 lx for the photopic vision, 1 lx for the mesopic vision and 0.02 lx for the scotopic vision were employed so that the different results from young and elderly people might be exhibited.Results : At any illuminance levels and with both generations triangle showed the most conspicuous, then inverted triangle, and circle in that order. The U shaped pattern showed the smallest score. It must be noticed that some elderly people could not do the experiment for 0.02 lx (14%) or felt very difficult to see the stimulus but dared to do (8.3%).Experiment 3. QuestionnaireRetro reflective material may be used for stickers on which the most conspicuous pattern is drawn for safety. We asked subjects whether they want to use retro reflective patch on their bodies. The number of subjects willing to use it was small, particularly in young people (20%). The elderly female showed a relatively high percentage of 34.6% if it were used for shoes. As a whole, however, people do not like to use the retro reflective patch for safety. Less