A Study of Processing of Communication Strategies in the Use of Foreign Languages

本研究1997、1998学年的研究项目分为两部分。其中之一是开发了一个收集和分析口头数据的软件程序（1997年），开发的软件被命名为“语音记录和分析程序（SRAP）”。另一个是为研究者在第二语言或外语使用中的交际策略（CS）研究进行实验数据收集（1998）。进行了两项实验，收集英语为母语者和非英语为母语者的口语数据。第一次实验数据收集是作为一个试点研究来测试开发的软件的有用性和有效性。数据收集自18对英语母语和非英语母语者（即36名受试者）关于会话互动中使用的沟通策略。对收集到的数据进行定量和定性分析，揭示了三种类型对（母语者对、母语者对、非母语者对、非母语者对）之间的交互CS差异。另一项实验数据收集是本项目申请时计划的，于1998年7月底至8月初进行，对象为32名日本大学英语学习者。收集的数据包括个人数据（英语熟练程度，领域依赖程度，冲动性，歧义容忍度，英语学习和使用：通过各种心理测试和问卷测量）和沟通策略数据，这些数据来自日语和英语的个人访谈。收集到的数据在收集后立即使用开发的软件对时间变量和话语内容进行统计分析。从分析中可以看出，与研究者的预期相反，被试的第一语言是CS使用最显著的预测因素，1)英语熟练程度是预测CS使用最显著的因素之一，2)冲动是CS使用的另一个重要因素，3)实际语言使用也在很大程度上影响CS使用。少

The research project for this study in the academic years of 1997 and 1998 consisted of two parts. One was the development of a software program to collect and analyze oral data (1997), andthe developed software was named "Speech Recording and Analysis Program (SRAP)." The other was to conduct experimental data collection for the researcher's study on communication strategies (CS) in second or foreign language use (1998).Two experiments were carried out to collect oral data from native speakers and non-native speakers of English. The first experimental data collection was conducted as a pilot study to test the usefulness and validity of the developed software. The data was collected from 18 dyads (i. e. , 36 subjects) of native and non-native speakers of English regarding communication strategies used in conversational interactions. The collected data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively, and different interactive CS among three types of pairs (pairs of native speakers, p … More airs of native and non-native speakers, and pairs of non-native speakers) were revealed from the analysis. The other experimental data collection, which was originally planed at the time of application of this project, was conducted from the end of July to the beginning of August, 1998, targeting 32 subjects of Japanese college English learners. The collected data consist of personal data (English proficiency, the extent of field dependence, impulsivity, ambiguity tolerance, and English learning and use : measured by various psychological tests and a questionnaire) and data of communication strategies which was elicited from individual interviews in Japanese and English.The collected data was statistically analyzed immediately after collecting data, using the developed software, regarding temporal variables and contents of utterances. From the analysis, it was clarified, contrary to the researcher's expectancy that the subjects' first language would be the most significant predicator of CS use, that 1) English proficiency was one of the most significant factors to predict CS use, 2) impulsivity was another important factor of CS use, and 3) the actual language use also affected CS use to a great extent. Less