Extracting Unknown Crime Information by Psychophysiological Responses

本研究项目的目的是扩大隐藏信息测试(CIT)作为知识检测工具的应用。CIT被日本警方用于两个目的。第一，通过证明嫌疑人对犯罪事实的了解来确定肇事者，第二，从嫌疑人那里获得新的信息来帮助调查人员，也被称为搜索CIT(SCIT)。原则上，在记录生理指标的同时，考生会被提出一个问题，然后是多个貌似合理的答案。测试遵循一个简单的逻辑，如果你不了解犯罪，所有答案都会产生相同的反应，但如果你知道真相，正确的答案会引起比其他答案更高的反应。在这个项目中，我专注于扩展SCIT。具体地说，我打算考察不同答案之间刺激相似性的影响。我通过检查与正确答案相似的答案是否会根据它们的相似程度引起更大的反应来做到这一点。此外，我检验了传统的不同答案选择集是否可以应用于连续刺激，如路线和地图。该项目的结果直接适用于今天在日本使用的CIT实践。这些发现可以帮助CIT从业者更好地了解如何选择替代答案，以最大限度地提高CIT的检测精度，并可能允许从业者在传统SCIT难以解决的情况下使用SCIT，例如使用城市地图找到被盗物品的位置。

The purpose of this research project is to broaden the application of the Concealed Information Test (CIT) as a knowledge detection tool. The CIT is used by the Japanese police for two purposes. First, to identify perpetrators by demonstrating that a suspect has factual knowledge about a crime, and second, to elicit novel information from a suspect to aid the investigators, also known as searching CIT (sCIT). In principle, the examinee is presented with a question followed by multiple plausible answers while physiological indices are recorded. The test follows a simple logic, if you have no knowledge of the crime all answers produce the same response, but if you know the truth, the correct answer will elicit an elevated response compared to the rest.In this project I focus on expanding the sCIT. Specifically, I intent to examine the effects of stimulus similarity among the answer alternatives. I do so by examining if answers similar to the correct answer elicit larger responses respective to their degree of similarity. Furthermore, I examine if the traditional set of distinct answer alternatives can be applied to continuous stimuli, such as routes and maps.The results of this project are directly applicable to the CIT practices used in Japan today. The findings could help CIT practitioners to better understand how answer alternatives should be selected to maximize the detection accuracy of the CIT and they may allow practitioners to use the sCIT in situations that are difficult for the traditional sCIT, such as finding the location of a stolen item with a map of the city.