A Primary Study on Role-Innovation of Junior High School Teachers ---in relation to pathological phenomenon in schools---

本研究旨在探讨初中教师角色失调的影响因素，并探讨初中教师角色创新的可能性，以达到上述目的，同时也是对1984年《初中教师角色失调实证研究》的发展。本研究以国小教师为研究对象，设计问卷调查表，并以国小教师为研究对象，以国小教师为研究对象。二、中学高级教师（一九八五年）三、国中校长、副校长（一九八五年）四、国中学生家长（一九八六年）五、教育委员会委员（一九八六年）六、教师工会各分会主管（一九八六年）（1）初中教师比小学和高中教师工作条件更艰苦，承担更多的角色，经历更多的角色冲突。小学教师对学生的教学态度比较理想、乐观，高中教师对学生的教学态度比较现实、悲观。初中教师的教学态度和角色定位介于两者之间; 2）校长和副校长对教师职业的态度和看法不同，对教师的角色定位也存在着广泛和名义上的差异; 3）教师的教学态度和角色定位存在着很大的差异，不仅教师与家长之间，因此，要解决初中教师角色不适应问题，必须采取相应的对策。主要包括：（1）初中教师角色的明晰。(2)建立良好的教师与校长关系;（3）培养教师团体的领导者;（4）解决教师与家长的角色分担问题;（5）减少教师工会与教育委员会的冲突。

Our study aimes to inquire into factors of role-maladjustment, and to examine the possibility of role-innovation of junior high school teachers.In order to achieve these aims and to develop the previous study in 1984, An Empirical Study on Role-maladjustment of Junior High School Teachers, we made several questionnaires which were distributed to the followings concerned with junior high school education (year).1) elementary school teschers (1985) 2) senior hgih school teachers (1985) 3) principals and vice-principals of junior high schools (1985) 4) parents of junior high school students (1986) 5) members o the Board of Education (1986) 6) executives of branches of the Teachers' Union (1986)Our findings are the followings:1) Junior high school teachers work under severe conditions, undertake more roles, and experience more role-conflicts than elementary school and senior high school teachers. Teaching attitudes toward their students of elementary school teachers are rather idealistic and optimistic, and those of senior high school teachers are rather realistic and pessimistic. Those of junior high school teachers are in the midst of those above-mentioned.2) Principals and vice-principals are apt to have different attitudes and outlooks on teaching profession, and to make extensive and nominal role-definitions of teachers.3) There are wide discrepancies in regard to teaching attitudes and role-definitions, not only between teachers and parents, but also between members of the Board of Education and executives of branches of the Teachers' Union.Cosequently, for resolving role-maladjustment of junior high school teachers, we should take some countermeasures. These are (1) Clarifing roles of junior high school teachers. (2) Making good relationship between teachers and principals, (3) Producing leaders among teachers groups, (4) Settling role-sharing between teachers and parents, and (5) Reducing conflicts between the Teachers' Union and the Board of Education.