A study on the middle and upper atmosphere dynamics

在1982- 1985年中期大气计划（MAP;1982- 1985）科学成果的基础上，对1986- 1988年三个财政年度的中高层大气动力学进行了理论、观测和数据分析的综合研究。我们分别研究了5个相关的课题，并通过我们主办或共同主办的20多场科学会议进行了综合研究。其中包括：1988年11月29日至12月2日在京都举行的第四届（国际）MST雷达研讨会；在东京举行的第一、第二、第三次大气研讨会；1986年、1987年和1988年在京都和京都举行的STE专题讨论会；在京都举行的赤道雷达会议；等等。得到的主要科学结果如下：b[1]从MU雷达观测结果中得到了水平风变化的一个普惠的垂直波数谱，由此可以得出在低空大气中产生的重力波在向上传播的过程中振幅增大，处处饱和，导致中层大气动量流沉积和湍流激发。[2]首次用MU雷达探测了亚洲扇区的中纬度电离层。分析了电子密度、电子/离子温度和离子漂移速度的平均和季节变化。大亚暴产生的中等尺度重力波也被雷达探测到。对中纬度电离层场向不规则现象（FAI）进行了探测并分析了其动力学特征。[3]利用激光雷达和RASS技术遥感大气中温廓线。激光雷达技术可实现30 ~ 70 km高度范围内的温度连续测量，而RASS技术可实现20 km以下的温度连续测量，在上述1 ~ 3课题结果的基础上，定量研究了重力波对中大气动力学的影响，估计了重力波向上传播引起的动力耦合效应，构建了新的中高层大气模式。对一种新型赤道雷达进行了系统分析，认为以我国目前的技术能力，构建大型MST雷达系统是可行的。少

Based upon our scientific accomplishments the Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP;1982-85), a comprehensive study of the middle and upper atmosphere dynamics has been performed theoretically, observationally and from data analyses for the three fiscal year period of 1986-88. Five related subjects are investigated separately, and their synthesis is pursued through more than 20 scientific meetings which we either hosted ot co-sponsored. Some of them are: the Fourth (International) MST Radar Workshop held in November 29 - December 2,1988 in Kyoto; the First, Second, and Third Middle Atmosphere Symposia held in Tokyo; the STE Symposia of 1986, 87 and 88 held in either Kyoto to tTkyo; the Equatorial Radar Meetings held in Kyoto; and so forth. The principal scientific results obtained are as follows: [1] A universal vertical wavenumber spectrum of the horizontal wind variations is observationally confirmed from MU radar results so that one can conclude that the gravity waves generated in the lowe … More r atmosphere increase their amplitude and become saturated everywhere while propagating upwards, resulting in the momentum fiux deposit and turbulence excitation in the middle atmosphere. [2] The midlatitude ionosphere in the Asian sector is probed for the first time by the MU radar. The mean and seasonal variations of electron density, electron/ion temperature, and ion drift velocity are analyzed. Also a medium-scale gravity wave generated by a large substorm is detected by the MU radar. Midlatitude ionospheric field aligned irregularities (FAI) are detected and their dynamical features are analyzed. [3] Middle atmosphere temperature profiles are remotely sensed by lidar and RASS techniques. The lidar technique makes continuous measurements of the temperature in the 30-70 km height range feasible, while the RASS technique can measure it below 20 km. [4] Based upon the results as shown in the subjects 1-3 above, the gravity wave effects upon the middle atmosphere dynamics are quantitatively investigated, and the dynamical coupling effects caused by upward propagating gravity waves are estimated to construct a new atmospheric model of the middle and upper atmosphere. [5] System analyses of a new equatorial radar are made, and it is found that the construction of a large MST redar system is feasible with our current technical capabilities. Less