A cross-cultural study on psychosocial factors of mental health and socialization of the adolescents.

从1988年到1990年，我们调查人员在日本、韩国和美国有过四次见面的机会。我们讨论了各自国家青少年目前的心理健康问题。在美国，心理健康问题在很大程度上因种族和父母的社会地位而不同；在韩国首尔，入学考试的心理压力似乎是最重要的；在日本，学校恐惧症、神经性厌食症和ijime(暴力或孤立)一直是严重的问题。这些问题源于三个国家各自的文化背景，使用标准化问卷可以定量地说明这一点。Thi-A，东大(大学)编制了《青少年健康指数》，并编制了英文版和韩文版。Thi-Junior是以青少年心理和心理方面的测量为重点开发的，它有110个问题和10个量表，也被翻译成英语和韩语。制作了日语问答问卷，并将其翻译成英语和韩语。研究人员对日本群马县1262名初中生进行了THI-A测试。进行简单统计，并进行因子分析。成人使用的量表甚至在青少年样本中也有效。高中生除攻击性和欺骗性外，其余量表得分均高于初中生。THI-A也被应用于韩国首尔市的600名学生和美国德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥市的700名学生。量表得分是韩国高中生中最高的。

We, the investigators, had four chances of meeting from 1988 to 1990 in Japan, Korea and USA. We discussed current mental health problems of the adolescent in the respective country. Mental health problems differ largely by ethnic group and by social status of the parent in USA; psychological stress of the entrance examination seemed most important in Seoul, Korea; and school phobia, anorexia nervosa, and ijime (violence or making isolate) have been serious problems in Japan. These problems originate from the respective cultural setting of the three countries, which could be made clear quantitatively by use of standardized questionnaires. THI-A, the Todai (Univ. of Tokyo) Health Index for adolescent was made and the English and Korean versions were prepared. THI-Junior was developed putting stress on the measurement of psychological and mental aspect of the adolescent, which has 110 questions and 10 scales translated also into English and Korea. How-are-you Questionnaire in Japanese was made and translated into English and Korea. THI-A was applied to 1,262 pupils of junior high and high schools in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Simple statistics were made and the factor analysis was applied. Scales had made for adult were found valid even in the adolescent samples. Scale score of high school pupils was higher in almost all scales except aggressive and lie scales than that of middle school pupils. THI-A was applied also to 600 pupils in Seoul City, Korea, and 700 pupils in San Antonio City, Texas, USA. Scale scores were highest of the high school pupils in Korea.