Monitoring of cadmium pollution by carrot

胡萝卜镉污染监测

• 批准号: 11670362
• 负责人: SUZUKI Shosuke
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Gunma University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11670362/
• 关键词: Metals; Risk assessment; carrot; カドミウム; モニタリング

373 carrot samples were collected from 232 cities, towns and villages in 46 prefectures other than Okinawa. According to geographical features and vegetation, the 46 prefectures were divided into 9 provinces : Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, Hokuriku, Tokai, Kinki, Shikoku, Chugoku and Kyushu.Cadmium (Cd) in the solutions was measured by a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (Hitachi Z9000) at a wavelength of 228.8 nm. The reliability of Cd assessment was 7.4%, in terms of the coefficient of variation of 10 repeated analyses of the same sample lot. A recovery test was conducted by adding 0.04μg of Cd to each ten carrot sample (0.1 gram). The recovery rate was 103% on average.As the frequency distribution of Cd content in the 373 carrot samples was skewed to the left, a logarithmic transformation was made. Geometric mean (GM) and the geometric standard deviation (GSD) of Cd were 24.4 ng/g wet weight and 2.2, respectively. The range was 2.1 to 179.1 ng/g wet weight.GMs and GSDs of the Cd contents of carrot samples from 9 provinces in Japan are calculated. Multiple comparison by the Ryan's method was conducted. Cd was highest (36.7 ng/g) in carrots from Chugoku, followed Tohoku (36.1 ng/g). Cd was lowest (15.8 ng/g) in carrots from Kinki. Cd contents of carrots from Chugoku and Tohoku were significantly higher than those of carrots from Hkuriku and Kinki (p<.05).Cd contents of carrots by soil type are also calculated. The highest Cd level was in the soil type Fluvisol (171.9 ng/g), and the lowest (50.1 ng/g) was in Cambisol.The correlation coefficient of Cd in rice and Cd in carrot using 20 samples was 0.492 (p<.05).The authors conclude that carrots are an ideal indicator food for monitoring of Cd pollution in other countries of the worlds as opposed to rice.

在除冲绳县外的46个县的232个市、镇、村采集了373份胡萝卜样本。根据地理特征和植被，将46个县划分为北海道、东北、关东、北陆、东海、近畿、四国、中国和九州9个省。采用日立Z9000无焰原子吸收分光光度计（AAS）在228.8 nm波长处测定溶液中的镉（Cd）。以同一批样品10次重复分析的变异系数计算，Cd评估的信度为7.4%。在每10个胡萝卜样品（0.1克）中加入0.04μg Cd，进行回收率试验。平均回收率为103%。由于373个胡萝卜样品中Cd含量的频率分布偏左，故对其进行对数变换。Cd的几何平均值（GM）为24.4 ng/g湿重，几何标准差（GSD）为2.2。测定范围为2.1 ~ 179.1 ng/g湿重。计算了日本9省胡萝卜样品镉含量的GMs和gsd。采用Ryan方法进行了多次比较。Cd含量最高的是中国地区（36.7 ng/g），其次是东北地区（36.1 ng/g）。近畿胡萝卜中镉含量最低，为15.8 ng/g。中部地区和东北地区胡萝卜的Cd含量显著高于北部地区和近畿地区（p< 0.05）。还计算了不同土壤类型胡萝卜的镉含量。土壤类型中Cd含量最高的是氟维醇（171.9 ng/g），最低的是甘美醇（50.1 ng/g）。20份样品中水稻镉含量与胡萝卜镉含量的相关系数为0.492 （p< 0.05）。这组作者得出结论，胡萝卜是世界上其他国家监测镉污染的理想指示食品，而不是大米。