Japan-Sino Cooperative Study on Risk Factor Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases

许多流行病学研究结果和实验数据表明，心血管疾病有可能通过改变饮食来预防。为了探讨饮食因素与中国和巴西人群血压（BP）的关系，我们根据国际合作的心血管疾病和消化比较研究方案，对中国（1988-1989）的5个人群和巴西（1990）的日本（JB）和巴西（BB）的2个人群进行了调查。从每个人群中招募100名男性和100名女性（50-54岁）进行血压测量，24-hrurine采集和血液检查。本研究选取乌鲁木齐、阿尔泰、吐鲁凡、和田、广州5个人群，以及1985年和1986年选取北京、上海、石家庄、贵阳、广州、拉萨6个人群（共11个人群）为研究对象，分析了尿电解质和氨基酸与BP的关系。除体重指数（BMI）外，尿盐排泄量与收缩压、舒张压呈极显著正相关（p<0.01）。牛磺酸与收缩压、舒张压呈显著负相关（p<0.05），牛磺酸（富含海产品，以尿素氮和3-甲基组氨酸除以肌肉中的特殊成分，以肌酐除以）。为了评估巴西日语（JB）和日本日语（JJ）的差异，我们还在日本岛根县的3个地区（城镇、山村和渔村）进行了选择性研究。JB、BB组BMI均显著高于J组（p<0.05）。JB区高血压患病率（41.2%）和BB区高血压患病率（45.8%）高于J区（25-33%）。JB区尿盐排泄量最高（14.0g），高于BB区（12.7g）和山村（11.8g）。JB的尿牛磺酸排泄量比BB高1.5倍，但比JJ少一半。综上所述，钠和肥胖对血压有不利影响，而动物蛋白可能对血压有有益影响。

Many epidemiological findings and experimental data have indicated that cardiovascular diseases are potentially preventable by dietary modifications. To investigate the relationships of dietary factors to blood pressure (BP) among Chinese and Brazilian populations, we carried out survey on 5 populations in China (1988-1989) and 2 populations, Japanese (JB) and Brazilian (BB), in Brazil (1990) according to international cooperative Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison Study protocol. From each population, 100 men and 100 women (50-54 y. o.) were recruited for BP measurement, 24-hrurine collection and blood test.Among 11 populations including 5 populations (Urumqi, Altai, Tulufan, Hetian, and Guangzhou) in this study and 6 populations (Beijing, Shanghai, Shijiazhuang, Guiyang, Guangzhou, and Lhasa) in former study (1985 and 1986), we assessed relationships of urinary electrolytes and amino acids to BP. Besides Body Mass Index (BMI), urinary salt excretion showed significant positive correlations with SBP and DBP (p<0.01, respectively). Taurine, rich in sea foods, divided by urea nitrogen and 3-methylhistidine, special component in muscles, divided by creatinine had significant inverse relationships to SBP and DBP (p<0.05, respectively).To assess differences between Japanese in Brazil (JB) and in Japan (JJ), we also carried out optional study in 3 areas (town, mountain village and fishing village) in Shimane prefecture in Japan. BMI in JB and BB were significantly higher than J (p<0.05). Hypertensive prevalence also higher in JB (41.2%) and BB (45.8%) than J (25-33%). The highest urinary salt excretion was observed in JB (14.0g) more than BB (12.7g) and mountain village (11.8g). Urinary taurine excretion in JB was 1.5 times higher than BB, but half less than JJ.In conclusion, sodium and obesity adversely affect BP, whereas animal protein may have beneficial influence on BP.