Thermoregulatory Mechanisms - from Cellular Process to Organism Response -

通过三年的合作研究，我了解到以下几点。(1)利用离体组织研究下丘脑内的热感受机制。模块神经元接收寒冷信息并控制颤抖。由下丘脑的热敏神经元控制较高的脑活动。(2) OVLT对内源性热原诱导发热的重要性。急性期反应是由下丘脑的体温调节神经元控制的。(3)下丘脑单侧控制热唾液分泌。皮肤温热不能单方面控制热唾液分泌。鼓室温度在热出汗前因情绪紧张而升高。排汗是中枢排汗活动的一个指标。星状神经节阻滞后单侧出汗抑制及鼓室温度下降。(4)人类在热疗过程中明显存在选择性脑冷却。静脉血从头部和面部皮肤流向颅内的重要性。(5)冷胁迫与非热胁迫的交叉驯化。BAT对杂交驯化的重要性。从中枢循环系统到皮肤血流的负反馈机制。高温下的运动抑制新陈代谢。低温和高热后血液pH和k离子浓度的变化。(6)热休克蛋白与物种差异。nk细胞的温度依赖性。免疫反应与温度调节的密切关系。

The followings have been clarified by this three-year co-operative research.(1) Thermoreceptive mechanisms within the hypothalamus using an isolated tissue.Modullary neurons receive cold information and control shivering. Control of higher brain activity by thermosensitive neurons in the hypothalamus.(2) Importance of the OVLT to induce fever by endogenous pyrogens. Acute phase response is controlled by thermoregulatory neurons in the hypothalamus.(3) Unilateral control of thermal saliva secretion by the hypothalamus. No unilateral control of thermal saliva secretion by skin warming. Tympanic temperature rises before thermal sweating by emotional stress. Sweat expulsion would be an indicator of central sweating activity. Unilateral suppression of sweating and fall of tympanic temperature after stellate ganglion blockade.(4) Selective brain cooling is evident in humans during hyperthermia. Importance of inward flowing of venous blood from the head and face skin to the intracranium.(5) Cross acclimation between cold and non-thermal stress. Importance of BAT for the cross acclimation. Negative feed back mechanisms from the central circulatory system to skin blood flow. Exercise at high temperatures suppress metabolism. pH and K-ion concentration change in blood after hypo- and hyperthermia.(6) Heat shock protein and species difference. Temperature dependency of NK-cells.Close relation of immune responses to temperature regulation.