Thermocline for the study of behavioral thermoregulation in small animals

本研究的目的是设计一种温跃层，用于准确测量不同条件下小动物(如大鼠)的首选环境温度。温跃层的尺寸为200×16×18(高)厘米，其两端与铜管焊接，其中冷水和热水独立循环，并沿温跃层的轴线保持温度梯度。用该仪器估算了大鼠的最适体温。用遥测法连续测量体温。1)发热时的行为体温调节及其日变化。非活性阶段的最佳温度较高，而活性阶段的较低。在注射热原后，首选温度在体温上升之前上升，在热分解开始之前下降。2)FOK大鼠的行为性体温调节。FOK大鼠的体温和喜好温度始终较低。代谢率升高和皮肤血管扩张的临界温度也较低。3)内毒素休克。大剂量的内毒素导致体温下降，以及首选温度。4)摄食后的行为性体温调节。喂食后不久，老鼠选择了较低的环境温度。5)对实验条件幼稚的大鼠保持较高的体温和较好的体温至少3天。6)约束和锻炼的效果。在束缚期间，大鼠保持较高的体温和体温调节反应的临界温度。在运动训练的大鼠中，非蒸发热损失始终高于对照组。

The purpose of this study was to design a thermocline for accurate measurements of preferred ambient temperature of small animals such as rats in various conditions. The dimensions of the thermocline were 200 x 16 x 18 (H) cm, whose both ends were welded with cupper tubings in which cold and hot water was independently circulated and a thermal, gradient was maintained along the axis of the thermocline. With this instrument the preferred temperature of rats was estimated. Body temperature was continuously measured by telemetry. 1) Behavioral thermoregulation and its diurnal change during fever. The preferred temperature was higher in the inactive phase and lower in the active phase. After a pyrogen was injected the preferred temperature rose before the riso of body temperature and fell before the thermolysis began. 2) Behavioral thermoregulation in FOK rats. Body and preferred temperatures were always lower in FOK rats. The critical temperatures for the increase in metabolic rate and for the skin vasodilatation were also lower. 3) Endotoxin shock. A large dose of endotoxin caused a fall in body temperature as well as the preferred temperature. 4) Behavioral thermoregulation after feeding. Shortly after feeding the rats selected a lower ambient temperature. 5) In the rats naive to the experimental condition maintained higher body and preferred temperatures for at least 3 days. 6) Effects of restraint and exercise. During restraint, the rats maintained higher body temperature and the critical temperatures for thermoregulatory responses. In exercise-trained rats nonevaporative heat loss was always higher than control rats.