Anthropological Study on Prehistoric Human Migration in the Cook Islands

今年研究项目的主要目标是对库克群岛南部群岛的体质人类学、语言学和考古学进行初步调查，为1991-1992年进行的更实质性实地调查作准备。体质人类学家（片山、田谷和霍顿）在曼加伊亚、米蒂亚罗和拉罗汤加岛寻找史前埋葬地点，这些地点有望在明年挖掘出人类骨骼材料，记录这些地点埋葬条件的信息。与此同时，他们收集了各种必要的数据，通过对Mangaia的Tuatini遗址的大约两个墓葬和南太平洋其他地区Lapita遗址的人类骨骼遗骸进行骨骼学检查，弄清了史前波利尼西亚人的身体特征、人口统计学、病理学和营养学。考古学家（大岛和萨顿）调查了拉罗汤加、米蒂亚罗、曼加亚和艾图塔基的考古遗址分布情况。随后，他们开展了以下工作：规划米蒂亚罗的Te Unu遗址;收集了大量石器，包括在Mangaia的Ivirua沼泽周围通过地表挖掘新发现的一些石片;从拉罗汤加岛的一些沼泽中收集了用于花粉和放射性碳年代测定分析的岩心样品。

The main objective of this year research project was to make preliminary survey of physical anthropology, linguistics and archaeology in the southern group of the Cook Islands, in preparation for more substantial field survey to be held in 1991-1992. Physical anthropologists (Katayama, Tagaya and Houghton) looked for the prehistoric burial sites on the islands of Mangaia, Mitiaro and Rarotonga, which is promising to be excavated human skeletal materials next year, recording information on burial conditions at those sites. At the same time, they collected various kinds of data necessary to make clear the physical characteristics, demography, pathology and nutrition of prehistoric Polynesians, through the osteological examination of about a couple of burials at the Tuatini site of Mangaia and of human skeletal remains from the Lapita sites in other South Pacific regions. Archaeologists (Oshima and Sutton) surveyed the distribution of archaelogical sites on Rarotonga, Mitiaro, Mangaia and Aitutaki. Subsequently, they carried out the following work; planning the Te Unu site on Mitiaro; collecting a lot of stone tools including some flakes of newly discovered type through surface excavation around the Ivirua swamp on Mangaia; and gathering core samples for both the pollen and radiocarbon-dating analyses from some swamps on Rarotonga.