Application of New Genetic Markers on Proteins, Enzymes and DNA to Forensic Medicine.

L.遗传标记在DNA上的应用不同探针检测遗传多态性，在日本对有争议的家庭进行亲子鉴定，以获得数据库。用pYNZ 22、pYN 22、MR 24/1、3 '-Globin、Mucin和Ha-ras探针进行单位点DNA多态性检测。通过统计分析发现，这些探针为亲子鉴定提供了非常有用的信息。此外，通过PCR技术检测日本人GST pi基因5 '侧翼区的VNTR，发现日本人GST pi基因5'侧翼区的VNTR具有较高的杂合子性（83.3%）。对分离的DNA样品进行PCR鉴定MCT 118和ApoB上的VNTR，证实这些标记物在法医学分析中非常有效。此外，pYNH 24探针在骨和组织分析中提供信息。单位点和多位点探针DNA指纹技术在日本亲子鉴定中的应用.蛋白质和酶的遗传标记。我们集中在日本人尚未研究的血清蛋白质，虽然高加索人的高多态性已被报道。本文报道了我国及亚洲其他地区人群中ZAG、IF、ORM、AHSG、B因子的基因频率分布及种族差异。此外，还发现因子I、DR和因子H是亲子鉴定的有用标记物。唾液淀粉酶变异体的遗传分析已经完成，包括人和非人灵长类动物之间差异的研究。从法医学的角度对损伤尸体的LDH同工酶谱进行了研究。

l. Application of Genetic Markers on DNAGenetic palymorphism detected by using different probes were applied to paternity testing of the family in dispute to obtain the data base in Japan. The probes pYNZ22, pYN22, MR24/1, 3'-Globin, Mucin and Ha-ras were used to detect the single locus DNA polymorphism. It was found by the statistical analysis that these probes supply very useful information for paternity testing. Moreover, VNTR of 5'-flanking region of GST pi gene showed a high heterozigosity (83.3%) in Japanese using PCR technology.An efficient method for isolating DNA from the forensic samples such as blood stains, bones and tissues were established to make individual identification. The isolated DNA samples were subjected to PCR for identifying VNTR on MCT 118 and ApoB and it was confirmed that these markers are very effective for forensic analysis. Also, pYNH24 probe was informative in the bone and tissue analysis. DNA fingerprinting detected by the single and multi loci probes was applied to testing in paternity cases in Japan.2. Genetic Markers of Proteins and Enzymes.We focused the serum proteins which have not yet studied in Japanese, although high polymorphisms have been reported in Caucasoid. The data concerning ZAG, IF, ORM, AHSG, Factor B have been obtainedin our country as well as in other Asian population, in addition to the racial differences of gene frequencies of these serum proteins. Moreover, Factor I, DR and Factor H were found to be useful markers for paternity testing.Genetic analysis of saliva amylase variants has been done including the study of the difference among human and non-human primates. LDH isozyme pattern of the injured body was investigated from aspect of forensic analysis.