A Study of Formation of Buddhist Dogmatics in the KUSANA Period

本研究旨在揭示佛教教义在库萨那时期的形成过程，特别是对大乘佛教的紧张状态下的萨瓦斯维达派教义。我通过研究所获得的知识如下：萨瓦斯蒂亚丁关于未来、现在和过去三个时期的法的存在理论，暗示着法的本质特征本身是明确的。基本特征的确定性的概念被认为不是起源于萨瓦斯蒂亚丁自己的教义工作。在这个概念的背景下，应该认为有一种相反的观念，那就是佛法本身是空的，这是般若经的命题。毗湿达摩菩萨的原始观点受到了试图形成大乘佛教教义的释迦牟尼的决定性影响。通过对阿比达玛科的《萨巴斯耶》和桑伽巴陀罗的《尼雅努萨里尼》的比较研究，我们可以清楚地看到《摩陀罗经》中潜藏的问题，这部著作被认为是萨瓦维拉丁教义的完整汇编。而在目前的萨瓦维拉丁教义研究中，我们不能离开释迦牟蒂的《阿比达摩解说录》而继续前进。研究计划如下：(1)《摩哈维巴萨》之前的萨瓦斯维拉丁文本的研究及其与巴利阿比达摩的比较；(2)《摩哈维巴萨》的论据整理；(3)与《瑜伽经》的论据比较研究；(4)阿比达摩的《阿披陀罗》和《尼亚雅努萨里尼》的比较研究；(5)对《世外桃源》、《比提摩达》和《毗湿达》中所发现的达摩思想进行定位。这些主题大多正在进行中。然而，作为研究的最重要部分，我发表了塔瓦塔研究的结果，标题为《塔瓦塔与拉克萨纳努萨里的比较研究》。

The purpose of the research is to shed light on the process how Buddhist dogmatics was formed in the Kusana period, especially the dogmatics of the Sarvastivada school in the tension to Mahayana Buddhism. My knowledge acquired by the research is following.Sarvastivadin's theory of the existence of dharmas in three times viz., future, present and past, implies that the essential characters of dharmas are definite in themselves. The concept of definiteness of the essential characters is not thought to have originated from the doctrinal work of Sarvastivadins by themselves. In the background of the concept there should be thought to have been the counter concept that dharmas are empty in themselves, which is Prajnaparamita Sutras' proposition.The very primal standpoint of Vasubandhu's Abhidharmakosabhasya is decisively influenced by Yogacarabhumi which tries to form dogmatics of Mahayana Buddhism. Through the comparative study of Abhidharmako'sabhasya and Sangabhadra's Nyayanusarini we can make clear the problems lurking in Mahavibhasa which is considered as a complete compiling of Sarvastivadin's dogmatics. And in the present of the study in Sarvastivadin's dogmatics we cannot proceed further without the elucidation of Sthiramati's Tattvartha, a commentary of Abhidharmakosabhasya.The followings were planned in the research : (1) the study of Sarvastivadin's texts before Mahavibhasa and its comparison with Pali Abhidharma, (2) sorting out the argumentations of Mahavibhasa, (3) the study of the argumentations comparing with Yogacarabhumi, (4) the comparative study of Abhidharmako'sabhasya and Nyayanusarini by the use of Tattvartha, (5) locating the thought of dharmavada which is found in Theragatha, Patiasmbhidamagga and Visuddhimagga. These subjects are on the way mostly. However, as the most important part of the research I have published the result of the study of Tattvartha titled as "The comparative study of Tattvartha and Laksananusarihi".