IN VITRO CULTURE OF SHOOT-TIPS AND THEIR COLD AND FREEZING TORELANCE AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF CRYOPRESERVATION IN LIQUID NITROGEN

1988 ~ 1989年，在厚Murashige & Skoog（1962）和薄Gamborg（1966）两种无机盐和BAP（1mg/l）和IBA（0.2mg/l）两种植物激素组合的4种培养基上，对10科17属43种草本植物和12科13属14种木本植物进行了茎尖培养。无论是草本植物还是木本植物，在BAP培养基上获得的初生和继代培养结果都比在IBA培养基上获得的成功。总的来说，MS盐在草本植物中带来了更好的生长，另一方面，Gamborg盐在木本植物中取得了成功。初生培养的培养基背景对继代培养中继代苗的生长有很大影响。无机盐的选择比植物激素的选择更重要。以日本花樱桃为例，在初代培养中，可以明显观察到茎尖成活率的季节变化。大麦、白三叶草和日本开花樱桃的休眠芽尖浸泡在液氮中后可以存活。

Shoot-tip culture both 43 herbaceous plant species belonging to 17 genera, 10 families and 14 woody species to 13 genera,12 families were conducted from 1988 to 1989 on the following four kinds of media:combination of two kinds of inorganic salts, i.e. thick Murashige & Skoog's(1962) and thin Gamborg'S(1966) and two kinds of plant hormones, i.e. BAP(1mg/l) and IBA(0.2mg/l). Successful results of primary and sub-culture were gained on media with BAP more than with IBA,regardless of herbaceous and woody plants. In general, MS salts brought better growth in herbaccous plants, on the other hand, Gamborg's succeeded in woody plants. Medium background in primary culture heavily influenced succeeding shoot growth in subculture. Selection of inorganic salts was more important factor than that of plant hormones. In case of Japanese flowering cherries, seasonal changes of rate of shoot-tip survival in primary culture were clearly observed.Dormant shoot-tips of barley, white clover and Japanese flowering cherries could be survived after immersion in liquid nitrogen.