Preparation and Applications of Nanohybrids of Layer Structured Silicate with Ceramic Oxides

(1)目的由分子级厚度的薄晶层组成的层状结构晶体可以作为纳米杂化材料的理想基质。在本研究项目中，将各种纳米到亚纳米尺度的陶瓷氧化物颗粒柱撑在可膨胀粘土的硅酸盐夹层上，探索层状纳米杂化材料特性的应用。(2)结果用金属阳离子改性的硅溶胶颗粒柱撑粘土的硅酸盐夹层。通过控制所使用的溶胶颗粒大小和使用有机模板试剂，可以在微孔到介孔范围内控制硅酸盐层间形成的孔尺寸。ii)测定了柱撑粘土对各种溶剂蒸汽的吸附等温线。结果表明，柱撑粘土具有良好的疏水性能。iii)在超临界条件下，用CO2对溶胶柱撑粘土进行干燥。得到了具有良好卡仓结构的高度多孔结构，它将被用作有效的隔热材料。(4)磷酸锆层间夹层在粘土的硅酸盐层中。由此得到的混合层结构与离子交换中的氢离子具有很强的亲和力。

(1) ObjectiveLayer structured crystals consisting of thin crystalline layers with a thickness of molecular scale can serve as ideal host metrices for nanohybrids. In this research project, the silicate interlayers of expandable clays are pillared with various of ceramic oxide particles kinds of nano- to subnanometer scales, and the applications of the characteristic properties of the layered nanohybrids are explored.(2) Resultsi) The silicate interlayers of the clays were pillared with silica sol particles modified with metal cations. The resulting pore sizes formed between the silicate layers can be controllable in the micro-to mesoporous regions by controlling the sol particle sizes used and by using organic template reagents.ii) The adsorption isotherms of various kinds of solvent vapors were measured for the pillared clays. It was revealed that the pillared clays exhibit remarkable hydrophobic properties.iii) The sol pillared clays were dried with CO_2 under a super critical condition. Highly porous structures having well developed card-house structures resulted, which will be used as an effective thermal insulator.iV) Zirconium phoshate was interlayered in the silicate layers of clay. The resulting mixed layer structures showed a strong affinity with hydrogen ions in the ion-exchange.