TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS FOR ABUSED VOLATILE COMPOUNDS

1)煤油和轻油的测定建立了用毛细管气相色谱/质谱联用（GC/MS）分析煤油或轻油蒸气暴露大鼠血液中燃料成分的灵敏、快速方法。利用顶空法结合盐析技术，在暴露于煤油或轻油蒸气的大鼠血液中，清晰地检测到碳数为8至10的脂肪烃和甲苯、二甲苯、3-乙基甲苯和4-乙基甲苯等芳烃。暴露于轻质油的血液中伪善烯与甲苯的浓度比高于暴露于煤油的血液。甲苯和伪文献的检出下限分别为50 pg和1 ng。我们的建议是，这种方法在法医调查中很有用，可以检测血液中的燃料成分，并用于区分血液组织中的煤油和轻油。2)摄入稀释剂的死后变化死后变化大鼠体内组织中稀释剂成分较多，口服1 ml标准稀释剂溶液，该稀释剂溶液由甲苯、乙酸乙酯和异丁醇按8:1:1的比例混合而成。采用气相色谱法结合顶空法进行分析。直到死亡后48小时，在所有大鼠胃内容物中检测到三种稀释剂成分和乙酸乙酯代谢物乙醇。随着时间的推移，血液、肺、肾、肝、脑和腹肌中的甲苯浓度均有所增加。另一方面，在48小时内没有观察到大腿肌肉的变化。异丁醇表现出与甲苯相似的增加模式，在大脑或大腿肌肉中几乎没有变化。在整个研究过程中，没有在任何组织中检测到乙酸乙酯，但在胃内容物中发现了乙酸乙酯。结果表明，摄入的每一种稀释剂成分，在死亡后都通过胃壁逐渐扩散到周围组织中，只有远离腹腔的肌肉组织，以及胃内容物，才能正确诊断为摄入稀释剂。少

1) Determination of kerosene and light oilA sensitive and rapid method to analyze fuel components in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapor was developed by making use of capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS).The aliphatic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers 8 to 10 and aromatics such as toluene,xylene,3- and 4-ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzenes were clearly detected in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapor,using the head space method combined with the salting-out technique. The concentration ratio of pseudocumene to toluene in blood exposed to light oil was higher than that in case of exposure to kerosene. The lower limits of detection were 50 pg and 1 ng in toluene and pseudocumene, respectively.Our suggestion is that this method is useful in forensic investigations to detect fuel components in blood and for the purposes of differentiating kerosene and light oil in blood tissues. 2) Postmortem changes of ingested thinnerPostmortem changes … More of thinner components in body tissues were examined in rats, orally given 1 ml of standard thinner solution, which was prepared by mixing toluene, ethyl acetate and isobutanol in the proportion of 8:1:1. Analysis was made by gas chromatography combined with the head space method. Three thinner components and ethanol, a metabolite of ethyl acetate, were detected in the gastric contents of all rats up until 48 hours after death. An increase in the concentration of toluene was found in the blood,lung,kidney,liver,brain and abdominal muscle with the lapse of time. On the other hand,no changes were observed in the thigh muscle throughout the 48-hour period. Isobutanol showed a similar increasing pattern to toluene,with little or no changes in the brain or in the thigh muscle. Ethyl acetate was not detected in any tissues throughout the study but it was found in the gastric contents.The results indicate that every thinner component ingested,gradually diffuses into the surrounding tissues through the stomach wall after death,and that only muscle tissue remote from the abdominal cavity,together with the gastric contents,should be analyzed for a correct diagnosis of thinner ingestion. Less