Comparison of Urban Restructuring between Korea and Japan

在这项比较研究中调查的省级城市是日本的北九州、大分和八代以及韩国的春川、蔚山和木浦。在某些情况下，还添加了其他城市的数据，以提供更多信息。结果如下：1。在日本，低密度地区正沿着城市郊区的交通网络蔓延。在韩国城市，中心高密度地区正在增长。造成这种反差的主要原因是两国土地用途管制制度的差异。在日本，为了控制低密度地区的蔓延，建立了城市化控制区。在韩国，在城市郊区划定了绿色带和这些绿色带内的绿色区，从而控制了不受欢迎的城市蔓延。关于城市化与基础设施的关系，通过住宅区的开发、土地整理等提供充足的土地是日本城市规划的主要政策。例如，在大分市，工业和住宅的基础设施是同时实施的。作为对比，在韩国城市，基础设施的发展是不够的，考虑到城市化的速度。两国的义务教育设施一般都是随着人口的迅速增长而建设的。在这些学校中，存在着每班学生多、临时校舍不足等问题。在韩国城市的住宅区，道路空间被用作储存、商店和游乐场等私人用途。随着汽车使用量的增加，这种活动将不得不结束，各种环境问题将会出现。

Provincial cities surveyed in this comparative study are Kitakyushu, Oita, and Yatsushiro in Japan and Chunchon, Ursan, and Mokpo in Korea. Data from other cities are also added in some cases to provide more information. The results are as follows :1. In Japan, low density areas are spreading along the transportation network in the outskirts of cities. In Korean cities, central high density areas are growing. This contrast are mainly caused by the difference in land use control systems in the two countries. In Japan, urbanization control areas have been established to control the spread of low density areas. In Korea, green belts, and green districts within these green belts, have been designated in the outskirts of cities and an undesirable urban sprawl has thus been controlled.2. Concerning the relation between urbanization and infrastructure, a sufficient land supply through development of housing areas, land readjustment etc. are the main policy in Japanese city planning. As an example,in Oita City infrastructures for both industry and housing were implemented at the same time.As a contrast, in Korean cities the development of infrastructure are not sufficient concerning the rate of urbanization.3. Facilities for compulsory education are generally constructed following a rapid increase in population in both countries. In these schools, problems as many children in each class and unsufficient temporary buildings occure.4. In housing areas in Korean cities, road space are used for such private purposes as storing, shops and play grounds. With an increase in the use of cars, such activities will have to end and various environmental problems will occur.