Reconstitution and Systematization of Special Subject Matters and of Education of Special Subject Matters

1991 ~ 1993年，通过对近万名中小学教师的问卷调查，研究了中小学教师的观念构成。通过简单汇总和交叉分析对调查中的大学数据进行了分析。分析结果反映了各专业的特点和非专业教师的教学理念。对小学和初中教师进行访谈，以确认调查结果。访谈的内容是教师对特殊学科和小学新学科的看法，即“生活学科”，一个与科学和社会研究相结合的学科。1992 ~ 1993年，通过对美国小学教师的问卷调查，对教师的观念构成进行了研究。对收集到的数据进行了分析和比较研究，研究了日本和美国教师在科学和数学方面的专题数据的差异。通过对留美儿童的问卷调查，对中美两国的科学教育进行了比较研究。教育课程是通过日语教育，Kokugo，即日本识字和文学来研究的。并对高校教育系师资培训课程设置进行了分析。美国的语言教育是如何发展的历史也进行了研究。在明治时代，神中小学从专门科目中废除理科，在语文教育中教授理科时，在语文教育中教授什么样的理科内容，也是历史性的研究。这些研究提供了新的和许多知识的特殊主题事项。

Constitution of idea has been studied through questionnaire surveys to arround 10,000 teachers at elementary and junior high schools from 1991 to 1993. College data from surveys has been analyzed by simple aggregation and cross analysis. The results of analyzes show charactor of each special subject matter and idea of teachers who have not own subject. Elementary and junior high school teachers had interviews to be confirmed the results of surveys. Contents of interview were teacher's idea about special subject matters and new subject at elementary school, Seikatsuka, that is "life subject", an integrated subject with sciences and social study. Teachers' constitution of idea has been studied through questionnaire surveys at elementary schools in the United States from 1992 to 1993. The collected data was analyzed and studied comparatively between two contries.Difference in data of special subject matter between Japanese and American teachers was studied on sciences and mathematics. Science education was studied on comparison of education in both countries through surveys to children returned from the United States. Curriculum of education was studied through Japanese language education, Kokugo, that is Japanese literacy and literature. Curriculum for teacher training at department of education of universities was also analyzed. How language education in the United States has been developed historically was also studied. When science subject was abolished from special subject matters at Jinjyo Elementary School in Meiji era and was taught in language education, what kind of contents of science was taught in language education was also studied historically. These studied has given new and many knowledge of special subject matters.