Studies on chemical basis controlling oviposition behavior of swallowtail butterflies

雌性燕尾蝶(蝶科，鳞翅目)会被刺激产卵，以回应其寄主植物中所含的特定化学成分。本研究旨在阐明几种燕尾类昆虫产卵刺激系统的化学性质。主要研究结果如下：1.温州蜜柑叶片上食性燕尾凤蝶的产卵刺激物由10种化合物组成，每种化合物对其他化合物都有协同作用。从另一寄主胡椒中鉴定出一个黄烷酮糖苷。考察了黄烷酮类化合物的构效关系。海燕产卵刺激物Luehdorfia Japan onica是从海桑叶中分离得到的一种刺激物，鉴定为黄酮醇三糖苷。许多以马兜铃科为食的燕尾与被称为马兜铃酸(AAs)的寄主植物毒素有关。AAs与环醇和新鉴定的苹果酸肉桂酸酯一起刺激无菌藻生长。其他一些近缘种的幼虫在防御的渗透腺中积累了AAs。

Females of swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae, Lepidoptera) are stimulated to lay eggs in response to the specific chemical ingredients contained in their host plants. This study is aimed to clarify the chemical nature of oviposition stimulant systems by several swallowtail species. The results are summarized bellow:1. Oviposition stimulants of a Rutaceae-feeding swallowtail, Papilio xuthus, in the leaves of Citrus unshiu consisted of 10 compounds, each of which were acting synergistically on others. A flavanone glycoside was identified from another host, Zanthoxylum piperitum. The structure-activity relationship among the flavanones were examined.2. One of the oviposition stimulant of a zerynthiine swallowtail, Luehdorfia japonica was isolated from the leaves of Heterotropa aspera and characterized as a flavonol triglycoside.3. Many Aristolochiaceae-feeding swallowtails are associated with the host plant toxins called aristolochic acids (AAs). Atrophaneura alcinous was found to be stimulated by AAs together with a cyclitol and a newly identified cinnamic ester of malic acid. Larvae of some other related species were shown to accumulate AAs in the defensive osmeterial glands.