STUDIES ON PATHOGENIC FACTORS OF NON-HALOPHILIC PATHOGENIC VIBRIOS

弧菌属的一些物种栖息在淡水环境中，尽管该属的大多数物种是嗜盐的。由包括霍乱弧菌（O 1和非O 1）或拟态弧菌（V. mimicus）在内的非嗜盐弧菌引起的感染是由食用淡水产品或饮用水引起的。我们对这类弧菌的生态学进行了研究，从河流、池塘、湖泊和河口地区获得了许多菌株。将分离菌株进行家兔回肠袢试验，部分菌株表现出致病性。据报道，致病性拟态弧菌菌株产生类似于霍乱毒素的肠毒素或由产肠毒素的土方伊氏大肠杆菌产生的毒素。但部分肠毒素阴性的拟态弧菌在RILT中呈阳性反应。从拟态弧菌（V. mimicus）中分离纯化了一种溶血素（VMH），并对其性质进行了研究。VMH与红细胞膜神经节苷脂结合，形成小的孔状结构。3 nm，然后以胶体渗透方式进行溶血。星系的存在 ...更多信息 神经节苷脂分子还原端的糖和半乳糖上的唾液酸对VMH分子的结合起重要作用。肠毒性试验显示VMH具有肠毒性。拟态弧菌蛋白酶（VMP）是另一种致病因子。即VMP增强皮肤血管通透性，加速菌株粗滤液的肠毒活性和凝集鸡红细胞。此外，还证明了另一种血凝素（VMHA-2）的存在。VMHA-2能单独凝集兔或小鼠红细胞，而对鸡红细胞的凝集则需要VMP的协同作用。本研究采用直接培养法和GM_1-神经节苷脂-酶联免疫吸附试验（GM_1-ganglioside-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，GM_1-ELISA）对非O_1型霍乱弧菌的生态学进行了研究，并对该弧菌与各种环境参数的相关性进行了研究。从而为评价非嗜盐弧菌在食品卫生中的意义提供了各种重要信息。少

Some species of genus Vibrio inhabit in fresh water environments, although almost species of the genus are halophilic. Infections due to such non-halophilic vibrios including Vibrio cholerae(O1 and non-O1) or V. mimicus are caused by consumption of fresh water products or drinking water. We have studied ecology of such vibrios and obtained many isolates from river, pond, lake and estuary area. The isolates were applied to rabbit ileal loop test (RILT), and some of them showed pathogenicity in the test. It has been reported that pathogenic V. mimicus strains produce enterotoxins similar to cholera toxin or toxins produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichiacoli. However, some enterotoxin-negative V. mimicus strains showed positive reaction in RILT. A hemolysin (VMH) was purified from a V. mimicus strain and its property was studied. VMH bound to ganglioside of erythrocyte membrane and formed small pore sized ca. 3nm, and then hemolysis proceeded by colloid-osmotic manner. Existence of galact … More ose on reducing end of ganglioside molecule and a sialic acid on the galactose was important for the binding of VMH molecule. Enterotoxicity of VMH was demonstrated by RILT. V. mimicus protease (VMP) was shown to be another pathogenic factor. Namely, VMP enhanced skin vascular permeability, accelerated enterotoxic activity of the crude filtrate of the strain and agglutinated chicken erythrocytes. Furthermore, existence of another hemagglutinin (VMHA-2) was demonstrated. VMHA-2 agglutinated rabbit or mouse erythrocytes alone, but needed cooperation of VMP for agglutination of chicken erythrocyte. Role of VMHA-2 as a colonization is under investigation.Ecological study of enterotoxic V. cholerae non-O1 was carried out by direct culture method with GM1-ganglioside-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and correlation of the vibrio with various environmental parameters were studied. Thus, various important informations to evaluate significance of non-halophilic vibrios in food sanitation were obtained. Less