Development of NC Contour Grinding Device for Formed Cutters Including In-Process Profile Measurement System

研制了一种成形刀具三轴联动数控轮廓磨削装置，其中包括刀具轮廓的在线光学测量系统。该装置由直线运动的X-Y十字滑块和旋转运动的转台组成，由个人计算机数字控制。刀具刃口轮廓磨削后。用激光在机上非接触式测量轮廓。根据测量值，即可进行精磨。本研究的研究内容和结果如下。(1)提出了利用高斯激光透射光系统进行边缘检测的方法。对圆形边缘的检测结果表明，即使光束截断面积不变，光束的透射光功率也会随边缘曲率半径的变化而变化，而衍射的影响则随着边缘曲率半径的减小而减小。当发送的BE为…时较多的AM功率保持在相对恒定的比率上，边缘的顶部几乎在没有边缘曲率半径的恒定位置上被检测到。(2)开发了应用所提出的边缘检测方法的刀具刃口轮廓自动测量系统。光源采用可见光半导体激光器。边缘的顶部位置可以用线性标尺读出。然而，激光功率随时间波动如此之大，以至于一个热控制器连接到一个激光谐振器上。谐振器的冷却使检测精度在*1微米以内。(3)步进电机和控制BOADS由高性能机型互换。这导致了加速和/或减速速度控制以及*1微米以内的定位精度。(4)与无测量系统的磨削装置相比，所研制的磨削装置形成的刀具轮廓的形状精度没有明显提高。有几个原因阻碍了表格准确性的提高。在对这些原因进行调查后，可以改进和完善研磨系统。较少

A simultaneous three-axes NC contour grinding device for formed cutter, which includes in-process optical measurement system of the cutter profile, is developed. The device consists of a X-Y cross slide which performs linear movement and a rotary table which performs rotating movement, and is numerically controlled with a personal computer. After contour grinding of cutter edge. the profile is noncontactly measured with laser beam on machine. Based on the measured values, the finish grinding could be carried out. The substances and the results of this study are as follows. (1)The edge detection method using the transmitted light system with a Gaussian laser beam was contrived. The detection of circular edges with this method resulted that the transmitted beam power varied with edge radius of curvature even if the intercepted areas of beam cross section were constant, and that the effect of diffraction was reduced with the decrease in an edge radius of curvature. When the transmitted be … More am power was kept on an relative constant ratio, the top of the edge was detected at almost the constant position without the edge radius of curvature. (2)The automatic measuring system of the cutter edge profile, which applied the edge detection method proposed, was developed. A visible diode laser was used as a light source. The top position of an edge could be read with a linear scale. The laser power was, however, so fluctuating with time that a thermo controller was connected to a laser resonator. The cooling of a resonator resulted in the detecting accuracy within * 1 mum. (3)Stepping motors and control boads were exchanged by high performance types. This resulted in the accelerated and/or decelerated speed control and the positioning accuracy within * 1 mum. (4)The form accuracy of cutter profile contoured with the grinding device developed was not significantly improved as compared with the accuracy with a device lacking a measuring system. There are a few reasons that prevent the improvement in the form accuracy. After the investigation of these causes, the grinding system may be improved and completed. Less