Study on Novel Synthesis and Advanced Processing of Functional Inorganic Materials

先进功能无机材料具有独特的性能，其潜在的应用范围从热力发动机（高温结构陶瓷）到电力传输（具有高转变温度的新型超导陶瓷）。它们的独特性能不仅是由于它们的化学、键合和晶体结构，而且还由于它们在加工过程中形成的微观结构。然而，功能性无机材料的可靠利用目前受到性能可变性的抑制。人们普遍认为，这种可变性源于在加工的早期阶段无意中引入的可变和不均匀性是结构陶瓷中的强度降低缺陷。因此，结构陶瓷和其他先进陶瓷的可靠性是一个加工可靠性问题，重点是微观结构和界面控制。本文综述了功能无机材料的合成新方法和先进加工技术。将合成方法分为固相反应法、液相反应法和气相反应法三类。我们于1994年2月7 - 8日和1995年2月9 - 10日在仙台组织了两次为期两天的合作研究会议。会议上，与会研究人员分别介绍了高压合成、热压成型、纳米和微米结构控制、水热合成、悬浮区技术、溶胶-凝胶法和化学气相沉积等方面的研究成果，为开发新型无机功能材料的合成方法和先进工艺提供了基础。

Advanced functional inorganic materials have unique properties with potential application ranging from heat engines(high temperature structure ceramics)to electric power transmission(new superconducting ceramics with high transition temperatures). Their unique properties are not only due to their chemistry, bonding and crystal structure, but also due to their microstructures developed during processing. However, the reliable utilization of functional inorganic materials is currently inhibited by property variability. It is widely recognized that this variability stems from variable and heterogeneities inadvertently introduced during early stages of processing are strength degrading flaws in structural ceramics. Thus, the reliability of structural and other advanced ceramics is a matter of processing reliability, focussing on the microstructural and interfacial control. In the present study, the novel synthetic methods and advanced processing of functional inorganic materials were examined. The novel synthetic methods were classified into three groups ; solid reaction group, liquid reaction group and vapor reaction group. We organized twice co-operative research 2-day-meeting in Feb.7-8,1994 and Feb.9-10,1995 at Sendai. In the meeting, all investigators persented their research results on high pressure synthesis, hot-pressing, nano-and micro-microstructure controlling, hydrothermal synthesis, floating zone technique, sol-gel method and chemical vapor deposition.Under the present study, we are able to develop the novel synthesis methods and advanced processing of functional inorganic materials.