Japan-Indonesia joint study on etiology of breast cancer

为了揭示饮食因素在印度尼西亚女性乳腺癌中的作用，我们自1992年以来一直在雅加达进行一项病例对照研究。这项研究仍在进行中，收集了截至1995年1月底150名病例和300名对照的流行病学和营养数据。初步分析揭示了以下发现。(A)在婚前，患者摄入的矿物质、磷和铁明显多于对照组。病例组的碳水化合物摄入量明显低于对照组。(2)患者婚后对视黄醇和维生素C的消化程度明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义。当数据收集完成后，将进行更详细的分析，包括多变量Logistic回归分析。我们还分析了1990-1991年在东京癌症研究所医院进行的乳腺癌病例对照研究的数据。出现了以下重要发现：(A)大…在绝经前妇女中，活产次数越多，风险越低(生3次或更多胎的优势比(OR)：0.24)。(B)在绝经前妇女中，有规律的月经周期增加了风险(2.50)。(C)目前吸烟者的风险增加(1.63)。(D)体重过重与患绝经后乳腺癌的风险更高有关：体重在70公斤或以上的人患乳腺癌的风险比体重在50公斤或以下的人高4.82。(E)初次生育年龄越晚，绝经后乳腺癌的风险越高(30-34岁和35岁分别为2.85、3.54，相对于24岁或以下的风险更高)。比较东京和雅加达的结果，共同的风险因素是绝经前和绝经后妇女的初婚年龄较晚，以及绝经后妇女吸烟/体重过重。具体国家的风险因素如下。在雅加达，初潮年龄较晚与绝经后乳腺癌有关，但在东京并非如此。在东京，大量的活产显示出对绝经前乳腺癌的保护作用，而在雅加达，则对绝经后乳腺癌有保护作用。较少

In order to disclose the role of dietary factors in female breast cancer in Indonesia, we have been conducting a case-control study in Jakarta, since 1992. This study is still on-going and collected epidemiological and nutritional data for 150 cases and 300 controls as of the end of January, 1995. The preliminary analysis revealed the following findings. (a) Before marriage, cases consumed significantly more mineral, phosphorous and ferrum than controls. The amount of carbohydrate intake was significantly smaller among cases than among controls. (b) After marriage, cases appeared to digest more retinol and vitamin C than controls with statistical significance. More detailed analysis including multivariate logistic regression analysis will be undertaken, when the data is completely collected.We also analyzed the data from a case-control study for breast cancer, which was conducted in Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, from 1990 to 1991. Following significant findings emerged : (a) A larg … More e number of livebirths was associated with a decreased risk in premenopausal women (odds ratio (OR) for 3 or more births relative to none : 0.24). (b) In premenopausal women, regular menstrual cycle increased the risk (2.50). (c) Current smokers experienced an increased risk (1.63). (d) Heavy weight was associated with a greater risk of postmenopausal breast cancer : OR for those weighing 70 kg or more relative to those weighing 50 kg or less being 4.82. (e) The later the age at first livebirth, the higher the postmenopausal breast cancer risk (2.85,3.54 for ages of 30-34 and 35 years and more relative to 24 years or less, respectively).When comparing the results in Tokyo and in Jakarta, common risk factors are later age at first marriage in pre- and post- menopausal women, and smoking/heavy weight in postmenopausal women. Country-specific risk factors are as follows. Later age at menarche was associated with postmenopausal breast cancer in Jakarta, but was not in Tokyo. A large number of livebirths revealed a protective effect mainly for premenopausal breast cancer in Tokyo, while for postmenopausal one in Jakarta. Less