ARID ENVIRONMENT COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING PROJECT (AECMP)

继黑河流域野外试验(1989年-1993年)之后，1994年至1996年在民勤(38ﾟ38‘N，130ﾟ5’E)和临泽(39ﾟ23‘N，100ﾟ10’E)及其周围地区继续对河西走廊自然环境进行气象和水文监测。数据来自5个自动气象站、2个20米气象塔、2个辐射测量系统、3个雨量计和4口井测量地下水位。除连续监测外，每年夏季还进行特别密集的观测。1994年，对土壤和低层大气中的水汽输送进行了密集观测。显然，水蒸气总是在土壤(沙)的浅表层向上输送。在低层大气中，测量了两种不同高度(距地面1.2m和8.9m)VAPR的湍流输送。在某些情况下，8.9米处的传输是向下的，而I…1995年的观测重点是绿洲与荒漠之间的相互作用。在绿洲和沙漠之间明确界定的边界上设立了四个观测点。在每个站点，密集地测量了土壤温度、辐射以及地表附近的感热和潜热的湍流传输。利用系留气球系统观测了风、温、湿度的垂直分布，并对盆地上空的气流进行了数值研究。采用MASSCON模式对三维风场进行了分析。还利用中尺度静力气象模式模拟了气象场的时间演变。该模型较好地再现了热对比引起的局地环流特征。利用陆地卫星数据研究了地表反照率、NDVI、地表温度、感热通量和潜热通量等地表特征的水平分布。较少

In succession to the Heihe River Basin Field Experiment (HEIFE,1989-1993), meteorological and hydrological monitoring of the natural environment in the Hexi Corridor was continued at Minqin (38ﾟ 38'N,130ﾟ5'E), and Linze (39ﾟ23'N,100ﾟ10'E) and its surrounding area during the period from 1994 to 1996. The date were collected from five automatic weather stations, two 20m meteorological tower, two radiation measuring systems, three raingauges, and four wells measuring ground water level.In addition to the continuous monitoring, special intensive observation was conducted in the summer of each year. In 1994, the water vapor transport in the soil and in the lower atmosphere was intensively observed. It was cleared that water vapor is always transported upward in the shallow surface layr of soil (sand). In the lower atmosphere the turbulent transport of water vapr was measured at two different height (1.2m and 8.9m above surface). In some occasions the transport at 8.9m was downward whereas i … More t was upward at 1.2m.The purpose of observation in 1995 was focused on the interaction between oasis and desert. Four observation sites were set up crossing a well defined boundary between the oasis and the desert. At each site, soil temperature, radiation, and turbulent transport of sensible and latent heat near the surface are intensively measured. The vertical profile of wind, temperature, and humidity were also observed by the tethered balloon systems.Furthermore, numerical studies on the air flow over the basin were conducted. The MASCON model was employed to analyze the three dimensional wind field. A hydrostatic mesoscale meteorological model was also used to simulate the temporal evolution of the meteorological fields. By the model the features of the local circulation induced by the thermal contrast were well reproduced. A study of mapping the horizontal distribution of land surface characteristics such as surface albedo, NDVI,surface temperature, sensible and latent heat flux were also conducted using LANDSAT data. Less