Classical Tradition in Eighteenth-Century Western Music

本研究项目旨在以现代音乐观的相对化为最终目标，从迄今为止被忽视的“古典传统”角度，对音乐被纳入“艺术”范畴的思想提出新的见解。该问题分为四个主题：1。什么是西方音乐中的“古典传统”？亚里士多德的模仿为现代艺术概念提供了一个框架，其本质是什么？18世纪的思想家是如何（错误地）解释这个概念的？音乐领域的古典传统和从古代继承下来的一般艺术思想是如何体现在18世纪的音乐活动中的？按照这个顺序，我们的研究结果总结如下：1。我们对“音乐”的概念在很大程度上与公元前4世纪的希腊音乐保持一致。西方音乐也得益于希腊人对音高和音长的数字定义，以及由此产生的“作曲”概念。虽然古代音乐并没有通过残留的样本启发后世的创作，但从间接证据中收集到的古代音乐形象确实引领了现代音乐实践。亚里士多德的《诗学》中的摹仿更关心的是真理，而不是通过感官直观的美，因为它揭示了被描绘对象的更真实的一面。“宣泄”这个备受争议的概念应该被解释为通过认识真理而从无知中解脱出来。18世纪中期的巴特克斯（Ch.Batterux）只把亚里士多德的模仿理解为与美有关，从而为将艺术确立为“beaux arts”做出了贡献。这种观点在我们看来是有偏见的，但它反映了现代艺术的审美观念。关于这一点的结果应该留到以后报告，因为我们的研究还在进行中。

This research project aims, with a relativization of modern view of music as the ultimate object, to throw a fresh light upon the thought in which music was incorporated into the category 'art', from a hitherto neglected angle of 'classical tradition'. The issue is formulated into four topics :1. What is 'classical tradition' in Western music?2. What is the nature of Aristotle's mimesis which provided a framework for the modern conception of art?3. How did eighteenth-century thinkers (mis-) interpret this concept?4. In which way were the classical tradition within the realm of music and the general thought on art inherited from antiquity incarnated in the eighteenth -century activities of music?Following this order, our research results are summarized below.1. Our concept of 'music' has remained intensionally and extensionally the same as Greek mousike of the fourth century B.C.Western Music also owes to the Greeks its digital definition of pitch and duration of sounds and the concept 'composition' as a consequence of this. While ancient music did not inspire later creation through remnant specimens, its image gathered from indirect evidences did lead modern musical practice.2. Mimesis in Aristotle's Poetics is more concerned with truth than beauty intuited through senses, in that it unveils a truer aspect of an object represehted. The much-disputed notion of catharsis should be interpreted as liberation from ignorance by means of recognizing a truth.3. Ch.Batterux in the mid-eighteenth century understood Aristotelian mimesis exclusively in relation to beauty, thus contributing to establishing art as 'beaux arts'. This view, biased as it appears to us, reflects the modern aisthetic notion of art.4. The results concerning this point should be reserved for a later report, because our research is still in progress.