Recharge, development and use of groundwater in U.A.E

在年降水量远小于潜在蒸发量的干旱区，地下水补给对科学研究和区域地下水开发具有重要意义。1996年2月15日至3月4日，在阿拉伯联合酋长国开展了降雨入渗地下水机理研究。(a)人工降雨实验处理的降雨入渗：沙丘具有高导水率和高蓄水能力，是地下水补给的天然大坝。(b)通过洪水沉积调查重建的历史洪水：有的“活的”河道有助于地下水补给，有的“死的”河道被埋在沙丘中，与地下水补给毫无关系。(c)实地调查和遥感技术的水文地质结构。(d)用同位素和化学成分估计区域地下水：在整个阿联酋各地采集了200多个地下水样本。发现水质演变过程对区域地下水运动反应很好。地下水在“活的”河道中的停留时间比其他地区短。

Groundwater recharge in arid area, where annual precipitation is much less than potential evaporation, is very important both for science and regional groundwater development. In order to investigate mechanism of rainfall infiltrating into groundwater, four steps in this project were taken from February 15, to March 4,1996 at the United Arab Emirates.(a) Rainfall infiltration processed by artificial rainfall experiments : it was found that sand dune is natural dam for groundwater recharge since its high hydraulic conductivity and high water storage ability.(b) Historical floods rebuilt by flood sedimentation survey : there are 'live' wadis which contribute groundwater recharge and 'die' ones which have been buried in sand dunes and have nothing to do with groundwater recharge.(c) Hydrogeological structure by field survey and remote sensing technology.(d) Estimation of regional groundwater by isotopes and chemical compositions : more than 200 groundwater samples have been taken around the whole U.A.E.It was found that water quality evolution processes respond to regional groundwater movement very well. Groundwater resident time is shorter in 'live' wadis than other areas.